Letter to the editorPrelabor cesarean section bypasses natural immune cell maturation
References (9)
Early-life environmental determinants of allergic diseases and the wider pandemic of inflammatory noncommunicable diseases
J Allergy Clin Immunol
(2013)- et al.
Pregnancy and pregnancy-associated hormones alter immune responses and disease pathogenesis
Horm Behav
(2012) - et al.
Are infants born by elective cesarean delivery without labor at risk for developing immune disorders later in life?
Am J Obstet Gynecol
(2013) - et al.
Cesarean section and development of the immune system in the offspring
Am J Obstet Gynecol
(2013)
Cited by (18)
Regional Caesarean Delivery Practices, the Maternal-Infant Microbiome, and Risk for Asthma
2018, Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology CanadaChildhood allergies and asthma: New insights on environmental exposures and local immunity at the lung barrier
2016, Current Opinion in ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :Questions are raised whether this risk is any different in elective versus post-labor C-sections, as the process of labor may ‘stress’ the immune system and form the first signal to drive immune activation [56]. A recent study suggested that in addition to the mode of delivery also the gestational age was contributing to immune maturation of circulating cord blood cells [57]. It was hypothesized that neonatal immune maturation is influenced by maternal hormonal changes that normally initiate labor.
Influence of the delivery modus on subpopulations and replication of lymphocytes in mothers and newborns
2015, Early Human DevelopmentCitation Excerpt :Cesarean delivery has been associated with a delayed and dysbalanced intestinal colonization in newborns [43–45] and an increased risk of asthma [46] and other immune diseases [47,48]. However, in newborns delivered by CS, risk of chronic immune disease may be a function of both, immune-dysregulation caused by a disturbed gut microbiota and lack of labor-associated stress factors programming immune functions [49,50]. In our study, lower cytokines, such as IL-2 and IFN-γ, important for effector and regulatory T cell functions, may cause modulation of the immune system towards an immune phenotype at risk for chronic immune diseases, such as allergies or autoimmune disorders.
Caesarean delivery, immune function and inflammation in early life among Ecuadorian infants and young children
2019, Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and DiseaseNeonatal metabolome of caesarean section and risk of childhood asthma
2022, European Respiratory Journal
COPSAC is funded by private and public research funds all listed on www.copsac.com. The Lundbeck Foundation (grant no. R16-A1694), the Danish Ministry of Health (grant no. 903516); the Danish Council for Strategic Research (grant no. 0603-00280B); the Danish Council for Independent Research (grant no. 10-082884; 271-08-0815) and the Capital Region Research Foundation (no grant numbers) have provided core support for COPSAC. The funding agencies did not have any influence on study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No pharmaceutical company was involved in the study. The funding agencies did not have any role in design and conduct of the study; collection, management, and interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.
Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest.