Elsevier

Electrochimica Acta

Volume 78, 1 September 2012, Pages 585-591
Electrochimica Acta

Nanoarchitectured Fe3O4 array electrode and its excellent lithium storage performance

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2012.06.053Get rights and content

Abstract

Fe3O4 nanoparticles were deposited electrochemically on an array of Cu nanoribbons and used as the anode for lithium ion batteries. The three-dimensional (3D) nanostructure of the Fe3O4 anode was characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Galvanostatic cycling tests revealed that the 3D nanostructured Fe3O4 anode exhibited a superior performance. Reversible capacity was measured as high as 870 mAh g−1 after 280 cycles (at a current density of 385 mA g−1, 0.42 C) and also shown an excellent rate capability that was determined at 231 mAh g−1 under the rate of 8000 mA g−1 (∼9 C). The superior performance of the 3D nanostructured Fe3O4 electrode has been attributed to its peculiar structure, which allows one-dimensional electron transport on the array, as well as to the decrease in interparticle contact resistance.

Section snippets

Introductions

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently the dominant power sources for portable electronic appliances. They are also becoming the potential power sources of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) [1], [2], [3], [4]. Unfortunately, the performance of current electrode materials cannot meet the challenge of increasing demand for high capacity and/or high power. To overcome this issue, numerous research efforts to explore new electrode materials with high performance for

Preparation of Cu NAR

All reagents below were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and used as received, without further purification. Cu NRA on copper substrate was fabricated by electrochemical reduction of CuO NRA, which was synthesized by oxidation of copper substrate in an alkaline oxidizing solution according to literature [42]. Cu NRA was obtained by electrochemical reduction in a three-electrode cell using Na2SO4 (1 M) as the supporting electrolyte. The CuO NRA and a platinum

Structural characterization of the 3D nanostructured Fe3O4

CuO NRA was prepared by using a one-step oxidation of Cu sheet in alkaline solution [42]. The CuO NRA was then reduced electrochemically into a Cu NRA. The reduction of the CuO NRA can be completed within 10 min at −1.0 V vs. SCE. It has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) that the CuO NRA was transformed into metallic Cu NRA after the electrochemical reduction (Fig. 1).

The 3D nanostructured Fe3O4 was fabricated by electrodeposition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the Cu NRA. To make Fe3O4

Conclusions

In summary, a 3D nanostructured Fe3O4 anode material was designed by an electrochemical method. The Cu NRA, used as a novel current collector, was fabricated by electrochemical reduction of CuO NRA. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were then grown onto the Cu NRA using electrochemical deposition. The Cu nanoribbons act as both a physical buffering cushion for the intrinsic large volume change and an electrical conducing path. As a result, the 3D nanostructured Fe3O4 electrode can deliver a reversible

Acknowledgment

This work was financially supported NSFC (grant nos. 2093110426, 21003102, 21021002 and 20833005), the “973” program (grant no. 209CB220102), and the “863” program (grant no. 2011AA11A254).

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