Effects of UV irradiation on the sebaceous gland and sebum secretion in hamsters
Introduction
Much is known about the acute and chronic effects of UV radiation on epidermis and dermis [1], [2], [3], [4]. In contrast, only limited investigations have been aimed at the effects on the skin appendage such as the sebaceous gland. The DNA, RNA, and protein syntheses of keratinocytes are depressed shortly after UV exposure, but recover and accelerate thereafter [3]. These findings may explain the epidermal hyperplasia after UV irradiation. Chronic exposures to the sunlight clinically cause sebaceous gland hyperplasia on the face as one of the manifestations of the photoaging in human. However, the dynamics of sebocytes after UV irradiation has not been fully understood. It has been reported that, when hairless mice or hamsters were exposed to UVB in vivo, the sebaceous glands showed hyperplasia and the number of sebocytes increased [5], [6]. These studies suggest that UV radiation in the sunlight can directly or indirectly influence the sebaceous gland. In this study, we examined the direct effect of UV radiation on cultured sebocytes from hamsters in vitro experimental system. We also examine the effect of UV radiation on the sebum production because there are some reports that UVB phototherapy or PUVA photochemotherapy increased the amount of skin surface lipids [7], [8].
It has been shown that hamsters are useful as an experimental animal to examine the functions of sebaceous gland because the hamster sebaceous gland is similar to the human gland with regard to its size, response to androgens, and turnover time in vivo [9]. Recently, we established a tissue culture system for hamster sebaceous glands without damaging their functions [10]. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that these hamster sebocytes are similar to human sebocytes in the proliferation and lipid synthesis [11]. Moreover, we examined whether UV-induced peroxidation of skin surface lipids may affect barrier function of horney layer.
Section snippets
Culture of sebocytes
Earlobes removed from 5-week-old golden male hamsters were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM; Nikken Biomedical Laboratory, Kyoto, Japan) with 100 IU/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin (Flow laboratories Ltd., Ayrshire, Scotland) for 3 h at 4 °C, and were successively washed with Ca2+- and Mg2+-free phosphate-buffered saline (PBS(−)), then cut into 5×5 mm2 pieces. They were incubated for 14 h in 2.4 U/ml dispase (Godoshusei Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at 4 °C to separate
Effects of UVB on proliferation of cultured sebocytes and keratinocytes
Proliferation of sebocytes was inhibited on day 2 depending on the dose of UVB. The number of 10 or 20 mJ/cm2 UVB-irradiated cells was about 2/3 (P<0.001) or 1/2 (P<0.001) of non-irradiated cells, respectively. On day 4, on the contrary, proliferation of the cells was accelerated depending on the irradiated dose. The number of 10 or 20 mJ/cm2 UVB-irradiated cells was about 1.2 times (P<0.05) or 1.4 times (P<0.01) higher than that of non-irradiated cells, respectively. On day 7, however, there
Discussion
The sebaceous gland is a holocrine gland. The sebocytes produce lipid droplets with differentiation and finally rupture to excrete sebum to the skin surface. The amount of excreted sebum changes according to the degrees of proliferation and differentiation of sebocytes. The functions of sebaceous gland are controlled by endocrine factors such as several hormones produced in pituitary gland, adrenal cortex, and gonad [15], [16], [17]. Among them, androgen is the most important hormone. It is
References (36)
- et al.
Chronologic aging alters the response to UV-induced inflammation in human skin
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(1982) - et al.
Role of oxygen intermediates in UV-induced epidermal cell injury
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(1984) - et al.
Hamster ear model for sebaceous glands
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(1977) - et al.
Epidermal growth factor and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppress lipogenesis in hamster sebaceous gland cells in vitro
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(2001) - et al.
Effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid, all-trans-retinoic acid, and acitretin on the proliferation, lipid synthesis, and keratin expression of cultured human sebocytes in vitro
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(1991) - et al.
Control of human sebocyte proliferation in vitro by testosterone and 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone is dependent on the localization of the sebaceous glands
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(1992) - et al.
Spironolactone directly inhibits proliferation of cultured human facial sebocytes and acts antagonistically to testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone in vitro
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(1993) - et al.
The responses of the sebaceous glands of the hypophysectomized-castrated male rat to 5-androstanedione and 5-androstane-3,17-diol
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(1973) - et al.
Morphometric evaluation of sebaceous gland volume in intact, castrated, and testosterone-treated rats
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(1975) - et al.
Sebaceous gland lipogenesis induced by testosterone: early metabolic events
J. Invest. Dermatol.
(1971)
Cholesterol 7-hydroperoxides in rat skin as a marker for lipid peroxidation
Biochem. Pharmacol.
Increases in cholesterol 7-hydroperoxides in lipids of human skin by sunlight exposure
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
Effects of ultraviolet radiation on the mitotic cycle and DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis in mammalian epidermis in vivo
Photochem. Photobiol.
Mechanisms of cutaneous inflammation. Interactions between epidermal cytokines, adhesion molecules, and leukocytes
Arch. Dermatol.
Agents that cause enlargement of sebaceous glands in hairless mice. II. Ultraviolet radiation
Arch. Dermatol. Res.
Effecte des UV-Lichtes auf Hautadnexe am Beispiel des Syrischen Hamsters
Hautartzt
Effect of ultraviolet light therapy, given over a period of several weeks, on the amount and composition of the skin surface lipids
Dermatologica
Photochemotherapy of psoriasis
Br. J. Dermatol.
Cited by (49)
Topical lycopene emulgel significantly improves biophysical parameters of human skin
2022, European Journal of Pharmaceutics and BiopharmaceuticsEffect of Genetic Polymorphisms of Human SLC22A3 in the 5’-flanking Region on OCT3 Expression and Sebum Levels in Human Skin
2021, Journal of Dermatological ScienceCitation Excerpt :Furthermore, the amount of SQ in samples from the back was significantly different between the genotypes, but not from the forehead (Fig. 5). It has been reported that environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays and changes in ambient temperature affected the regulation of sebum production [30,31,32,33]. The low exposure in the back to the environmental factors may be responsible for the observed effect of the SNP (−1603 G > A) in the back.
Value of Skincare Protocols for Skin Symptoms Among the General Population After the Pandemic
2024, American Journal of Health Education