Controlled trial of botulinum toxin injection versus placebo and pneumatic dilation in achalasia
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ASGE guideline on the management of achalasia
2020, Gastrointestinal EndoscopyCitation Excerpt :Based on these trials and corresponding meta-analyses, the comparative effectiveness of botulinum toxin injection, pneumatic dilation, laparoscopic Heller myotomy, and POEM are summarized below. Multiple randomized trials have compared the outcomes of pneumatic dilation and intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injection in the treatment of achalasia.128-135 Leyden et al136 conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of these 2 endoscopic treatment modalities.
Modern management of esophageal achalasia: From pathophysiology to treatment
2018, Current Problems in SurgeryBotulinum Toxin A Use in the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Reappraisal After Three Decades
2023, Gastroenterology and HepatologyAchalasia: Current therapeutic options
2023, Neurogastroenterology and MotilityAchalasia
2022, Nature Reviews Disease Primers
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