Elsevier

Physiological Plant Pathology

Volume 16, Issue 1, January 1980, Pages 135-138, IN13-IN14, 139-146

Death of Botrytis cinerea and B. fabae following exposure to wyerone derivatives in vitro and during infection development in broad bean leaves

https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-4059(80)90026-0Get rights and content

Abstract

Trypan blue (1% aqueous w/v) was found to stain only dead cells within sporelings of Botrytis. The stain was used for studies on the death of Botrytis following exposure to phytoalexins (in particular wyerone acid) in vitro, and during infection development in broad bean leaves.

Wyerone, wyerone acid and wyerone epoxide killed sporelings of both B. cinerea and B. fabae the latter being less sensitive to the inhibitors. The number of sporelings killed by wyerone acid increased slowly with time of exposure to the phytoalexin, even at concentrations causing 100% mortality after 24 h. Sporelings with two celled germ tubes were less sensitive to wyerone acid than those in which the germ tube was a single cell. Ungerminated conidia were less sensitive to the phytoalexin than after 6 h germination and conidial cells were usually the last to die within sporelings. Regrowth from surviving cells was sometimes observed during exposure to wyerone acid.

Irrespective of inoculum concentration (20 to 2000 conidia per droplet) virtually all infection hyphae produced by B. cinerea died within 3 days after inoculation. By contrast, infection hyphae of B. fabae were killed only at the lower inoculum concentrations used and even with only 10 conidia per droplet there was less than 50% mortality. The occurrence of mixtures of living and dead cells within a sporeling was much less frequent in leaves than in bioassays. It is suggested that under field conditions the ability of B. fabae to survive exposure to the phytoalexins may be an essential characteristic contributing to its pathogenicity to Vicia faba.

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    Present address: Department of Physiology and Environmental Studies, Nottingham University School of Agriculture, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, U.K.

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