Muscle fiber necrosis associated with human marathon runners
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2020, Journal of Exercise Science and FitnessCitation Excerpt :Completing a full marathon (42.195 km) gives a sense of well-being and achievement; however, long-distance running is also associated with severe stress to the body. Therefore, muscle damage occurs after a full marathon1–9 and reduced the performance or motivation towards subsequent exercise. Mechanical stress by eccentric contraction is the main factor for muscle damage,10 and structural gastrocnemius muscle damage has been reported after a full marathon, that is, repeated eccentric exercise which induced muscle damage.1,2
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2020, Journal of Forensic and Legal MedicineCitation Excerpt :Morphological changes include presence of tubular casts and occasionally some tubulointerstitial lesions.26 Muscle biopsy findings reported by different researchers are enlarged hyperchromatic or vesicular nuclei, centrally or eccentrically located multiple nuclei, loss of striations and hyaline degeneration of the muscle fibers, granular and floccular changes27 muscle necrosis, Z-line streaming and degeneration, sarcolemmal disruption28 lysis of myofibre, disappearance of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, endothelial cell damage, loss of cytoplasmic matrix29 marked variation in muscle fibre diameter, cytoplasmic vacuoles, myophagia.30 In one case report, the muscle biopsy findings were normal even though the CK level was very high.31
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R. Hikida was supported by grants from NSF (PCM79-16540) and NIH (1 RO1 AM 26992) while this study was being conducted. The Zeiss electron microscope was purchased in part from a grant from the NSF (PCM79-23510).
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W. M. Sherman and D. L. Costill are in the Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, U.S.A.
W. M. Sherman's present address is: Department of Physical Education, Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, U.S.A.