Abstract
When a hexagonal converter (Hexverter) is applied to high-power renewable energy generation such as offshore low-frequency transmission, using traditional PID control to ensure the stable global operation and strong robustness of the system is difficult due to the random fluctuation of renewable energy, system parameter uptake, its non-linear characteristics, and the possible unbalanced grid situation. This paper proposes a non-linear passivity-based control (PBC) strategy for Hexverter under an unbalanced grid. First, the passivity and stability of Hexverter objects are analyzed based on PBC theory. The unbalanced PBC strategy of Hexverter is then designed and derived. Three control objectives are designed according to different control requirements. Finally, the simulation system of the Hexverter under an unbalanced grid is built on Matlab/Simulink to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed unbalanced PBC method. The simulation results show that the proposed method has fewer control parameters, faster response, lower harmonic content, and better overall control effect than PID control.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Luo, J.J., Zhang, X.P., Xue, Y.: Harmonic analysis of modular multilevel matrix converter for fractional frequency transmission system. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 35(03), 1209–1219 (2020)
Liu, S.Q., Wang, X.F., Ning, L.H.: Integrating offshore wind power via fractional frequency transmission system. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 32(03), 1253–1261 (2017)
Yu, J.L., Xia, C.Y.: Operation and control schemes of a novel direct AC–AC modular multilevel converter. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 139, 108037 (2022)
Wang, Y.Q., Yuan, B., Liu, W.J.: Equivalent hexagonal MMC control under single-port open-circuit fault of nonagonal MMC. High Volt. Eng. (2021). https://doi.org/10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20210933
Wang, X.W., Lin, H., Deng, J.: Optimization modulation pattern for space vector modulation method of matrix converter in practical application. Proc. CSEE 31(30), 7–15 (2011)
Erickson, R.W., Al-Naseem, O.A.: A new family of matrix converters. In: The 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. 2, pp. 1515–1520 (2001).
Mustafa, A.T., Jia, L., Hassan, B.: A dual VSG-based M3C control scheme for frequency regulation support of a remote AC grid via low-frequency AC transmission system. IEEE Access. 8, 66085–66094 (2020)
Tang, Y. J., Zhang Z. R., Xu, Z.: Low frequency transmission scheme for offshore wind power based on active modular multilevel matrix converter. Autom. Electr. Power Syst. 46(08):113–122.
Robles-Campos, H.R., Mancilla-David, F.: Detailed assessment of modulation strategies for Hexverter-based modular multilevel converters. Energies 15(6), 2132–2132 (2022)
Baruschka, L., Karwatzki, D., Hofen, M. V.: Low-speed drive operation of the modular multilevel converter hexverter down to zero frequency. In: Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), pp. 5407–5414 (2014)
Baruschka, L., Mertens, A.: A new three-phase AC/AC modular multilevel converter with six branches in hexagonal configuration. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 49(03), 1400–1410 (2013)
Meng, Y.Q., Liu, B., Luo, H.Y.: Control scheme of hexagonal modular multilevel direct converter for offshore wind power integration via fractional frequency transmission system. Modern Power Syst. Clean Energy 6(01), 168–180 (2018)
Karwatzki, D., Baruschka, L., Hofen, M.V.: Branch energy control for the modular multilevel direct converter Hexverter. In: Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), pp. 1613–1622 (2014).
Zhang, C., Jiang, D.Z., Zhang, X.: The study of a battery energy storage system based on the hexagonal modular multilevel direct AC/AC converter (hexverter). IEEE Access. 6, 43343–43355 (2018)
Meng, Y.Q., Zou, Y.C., Li, H.X.: A global asymptotical stable control scheme for a Hexverter in fractional frequency transmission systems. J. Modern Power Syst. Clean Energy 7(06), 1495–1506 (2019)
Cheng, Q.M., Xie, Y.Q., Ma, X.Q.: Control strategy of modular multilevel matrix converter under unbalanced grid conditions. High Volt. Eng. 06(01), 1–10 (2022)
Liu, S.Q., Saeedifard, M., Wang, X.F.: Analysis and control of the modular multilevel matrix converter under unbalanced grid conditions. IEEE J. Emerg. Select. Top. Power Electron. 06(04), 1979–1989 (2018)
Zhao, J.P., Wu, W.M., Shuai, Z.K.: Robust control parameters design of PBC controller for LCL-filtered grid-tied inverter. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 35(08), 8102–8115 (2020)
Gil-Gonzalez, W.J., Garces, A., Fosso, O.B.: Passivity-based control of power systems considering hydroturbine with surge tank. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 35(03), 2002–2011 (2020)
Cheng, Q.M., Wang, Y.J., Cheng, Y.M.: Research on passive control strategy of MMC-SAPF under non ideal conditions. Proc. CSEE 39(23), 7023–7032 (2019)
Acknowledgements
This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61905139).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Lai, Y., Cheng, Q. & Zhang, X. Passivity-based control strategy for hexagonal converter under unbalanced power grid. J. Power Electron. 23, 581–591 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43236-022-00560-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43236-022-00560-5