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In vitro characterization of lactic acid bacterial strains isolated from fermented foods with anti-inflammatory and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibition potential

  • Food Microbiology - Research Paper
  • Published:
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Probiotics are known to stimulate, modulate, and regulate host immune response by regulating specific sets of genes and improve glucose homeostasis through regulating dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-IV) activity, but the mechanism behind their protective role is not clearly understood. Therefore, the present study was designed to isolate indigenous lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strains from different fermented food samples, vegetables, and human infant feces exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and DPP-IV inhibitory activity. A total of thirty-six Gram-positive, catalase-negative, and rod-shaped bacteria were isolated and screened for their anti-inflammatory activity using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation on the murine (RAW264.7) macrophages. Among all, sixteen strains exhibited more than 90% reduction in nitric oxide (NO) production by the LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Prioritized strains were characterized for their probiotic attributes as per the DBT-ICMR guidelines and showed desirable probiotic attributes in a species and strain-dependent manner. Accordingly, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LAB3, Levilactobacillus brevis LAB20, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LAB31, Pediococcus acidilactici LAB8, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LAB39 were prioritized. Furthermore, these strains when co-supplemented with LPS and treated on RAW264.7 cells inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), i.e., p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and SAPK/JNK, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), relative to the LPS-alone-treated macrophages. LAB31 and LAB39 also showed 64 and 95% of DPP-IV inhibitory activity relative to the Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103, which was used as a reference strain in all the studies. Five prioritized strains ameliorated the LPS-induced inflammation by downregulating the JNK/MAPK pathway and could be employed as an alternative bio-therapeutic strategy in mitigating gut-associated inflammatory conditions.

Graphical Abstract

The potential mechanism of action of prioritized LAB strains in preventing the LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.

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All the data are available on request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India, and the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, for providing the research grants for carrying out this research. RB would also like to thank the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) for providing the Senior Research Fellowship (3/1/2/155/2019-(Nut) and NER-BPMC (BT/PR16088/NE/95/69/2015 NER-DBT) for providing the research grant. We thank DBT-eLibrary Consortium (DeLCON) for providing access to e-resources.

Funding

This study was funded by a Core Grant from NABI, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, and an extramural grant from NER-BPMC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Healthy Gut Research Group, Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, 140306, Punjab, India

    Ruchika Bhatia, Shashank Singh, Ruchika Maurya, Mahendra Bishnoi & Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

    Ruchika Bhatia, Mahendra Bishnoi & Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi

  3. Regional Centre of Biotechnology, Faridabad, 121001, India

    Ruchika Maurya, Mahendra Bishnoi & Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi

  4. Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Sanjay Kumar Bhadada

  5. Department of Pharmacology, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

    Kanwaljit Chopra

  6. Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Meghalaya, 793022, Shillong, India

    Santa Ram Joshi

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  1. Ruchika Bhatia
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Contributions

RB performed the isolations and biochemical and probiotic characterization of lactic acid bacterial strains, Caco-2 binding studies, and other in vitro experiments; SS performed antimicrobial activity of isolated strains; RM performed cholesterol-lowering assay; SKB helped in providing the ethical approval for the human infant samples and for the isolation of the strains; KC and SRJ provide the financial support for carrying out the research; MB was responsible for editing and writing the manuscript; KKK conceptualized, designed the experiments, edited the manuscript, and got funding to carry out the study.

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Correspondence to Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi.

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Bhatia, R., Singh, S., Maurya, R. et al. In vitro characterization of lactic acid bacterial strains isolated from fermented foods with anti-inflammatory and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibition potential. Braz J Microbiol 54, 293–309 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00872-5

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