Abstract
Purpose
Because of bone loss, bone complex fractures require medical intervention. Bone grafting may result in a positive recovery from bone loss. As a result, attempts are being made to investigate new bone grafting materials as alternatives, as well as to reproduce bone specificities on a wide scale. Because of its characteristics, Homogeneous Calcium Aluminate Cement (CACH) is a viable candidate for bone substitution. Gold (AuNPs) and silver (AgNPs) nanoparticles can improve CACH efficiency. The biocompatibility of CACH material linked with AuNPs and AgNPs was examined in vitro and in vivo in this study.
Methods
SEM and mitochondrial activity percentage fluctuation were used to analyze materials in vitro for cell adhesion, proliferation, and biocompatibility. Meanwhile, histological examination of samples in vivo searched for bone neoformation.
Results
SEM and mitochondrial activity percentage variation revealed efficient cell adhesion and proliferation when linking biocompatible material. In both samples, histological investigation revealed bone neoformation. CACH linked with AuNPs, on the other hand, produced the most relevant results.
Conclusion
Although both samples showed bone neoformation, CACH combined with AuNPs generated a potentially efficient bone repair material as an enhanced bone substitute.
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Funding
This study was financed by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2017/07519–2), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (302944/2018–4 and 302158/2022–7), and Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (01.13.0275.00 and 01.18.0053.00).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Paula Fonseca Antunes Vieira, Juliani Caroline Ribeiro de Araújo, Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos, Maiara Lima Castilho and Ivone Regina de Oliveira. The original draft of the manuscript was written by Andrea Fernanda Lopes dos Santos and Leandro Raniero. All authors provided feedback on previous drafts of the manuscript. The final manuscript was read and approved by all authors.
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dos Santos, A.F.L., Vieira, P.F.A., de Araújo, J.C.R. et al. Enhancing biocompatibility and bone neoformation with nanostructured calcium aluminate cement. Res. Biomed. Eng. 39, 389–396 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42600-023-00278-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42600-023-00278-8