Abstract
The flow's velocity field with the lateral contraction and expansion in an open channel around bridge abutment was measured with laser Doppler anemometry (LDA), and the free-surface profile was determined using a limnimeter for two flow discharges. Basic equations of fluid flow are solved by the ANSYS Fluent program based on the finite volume method for the same experimental flow conditions. In the numerical simulations, the detached eddy simulation (DES) model is used to simulate the turbulence, and the free-surface profile is calculated using the volume of fluid method (VOF). Computational results for free-surface profiles and horizontal velocity component are compared with measured data for the two cases. The length of the separation zone formed in the downstream region of the bridge abutments is considerably larger than in the upstream region. The length of this region downstream (Ls) is greatest at the channel bottom and is approximately 14 d (d: length of the bridge abutment perpendicular to the flow). The thickness of the separation zone was similar around both piers. In the contraction region, the horizontal maximum velocity component (umax) occurred at z/zmax = ± 0.5, not in the central axis. Moreover, the umax is larger in the downstream region than in the upstream region, umax = 1.5uo and umax = 2uo for Cases 1 and 2, respectively. The experimental and numerical results indicate that the DES model accurately predicts the velocity field and free-surface profiles under the present flow conditions.
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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
Abbreviations
- Q :
-
Flow rate
- V 0 :
-
Average velocity in the channel beginning
- Re0 :
-
Reynolds number in the channel beginning
- Fr0 :
-
Froude number in the channel beginning
- U 0 :
-
Time-averaged stream-wise velocity component in the x direction on the inlet boundary
- g :
-
Acceleration due to the gravity
- h 0 :
-
Water height in the channel beginning
- ν :
-
Kinematic viscosity of water
- w :
-
Bridge abutment length
- d :
-
Bridge abutment width
- L :
-
Channel length
- B :
-
Channel width
- Q :
-
Flow rate
- R :
-
Crest radius
- u :
-
Stream-wise velocity component in x direction
- v :
-
Spanwise velocity component in y direction
- w :
-
Vertical velocity component in z direction
- F :
-
Volume fraction
- L s :
-
Length of the separation region
- t s :
-
Thickness of the separation region
- I :
-
Turbulence intensity
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This study was supported by FBA-2018-8862 Project number by Cukurova University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit. Thank you for your support.
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NGSO contributed to conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis investigation, resources, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. MSA contributed to conceptualization, methodology, validation, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, supervision. OS contributed to methodology, investigation, formal analysis, writing—review and editing.
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Soydan-Oksal, N.G., Akoz, M.S. & Simsek, O. An Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flow Characteristics Around Bridge Abutment. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng 48, 1671–1693 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-023-01245-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-023-01245-0