Abstract
This study examines the relationship between translocality and transportation in developing countries from the perspective of sustainable development. Using sub-Saharan Africa as a case study and relying on secondary data, the study established that migration is directly and significantly dependent on transportation. In addition, the paper observed that transportation drives migration, influences the pattern of mobility and livelihoods of trans-local migrants. The link between transportation and migration has a profound impact on the achievement of the sustainable development goals. The paper recommends pragmatic policies and re-investment in transportation in both rural and urban areas to enhance effective and efficient mobility for socio-economic development.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abane A, Amoako-Sakyi RO, Owusu SA, Agyemang KK, Odame PK (2019) Transport and social exclusion in Ghana. International network for transport and accessibility in low income countries. Supported by the volvo research and educational foundations. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.36086.45121
Abuhamoud MAA, Rahmat RAOK, Ismail A (2011) Transportation and its concerns in Africa: a review. Soc Sci 6:51–63. https://doi.org/10.3923/sscience.2011.51.63
Adeniran AO, Yusuf TB (2016) Transportation and national development: emphasis to Nigeria. Transportation (Amst) 7:93–104
Adger WN, Kelly PM, Winkels A, Huy LQ (2002) Migration remittances, livelihood trajectories, and social resilience. Ambio 31:358–366
Aduhene DT, Assibey EO (2019) Migration as a livelihood strategy: the case of internal migration in Ghana. J Soc Econ Res. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.35.2019.61.50.60
Afukaar F, Damsere-Derry J, Peters K, Starkey P (2019) Rural transport services indicators: using a new mixed-methods methodology to inform policy in Ghana. Transp Res Interdiscip Perspect 3:100074. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2019.100074
Agadjanian V, Hayford SR, Jansen NA (2021) Men’s migration and women’s mortality in rural Mozambique. Soc Sci Med 270:113519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113519
Akokpari JK (2004) Globalisation and migration in Africa. Afr Sociol Rev. https://doi.org/10.4314/asr.v4i2.23227
Ali R, Barra AF, Berg CN, Damania R, Nash J (2014) Transport infrastructure and welfare in Nigeria. Washington DC
Ammassari S (2004) From nation-building to entrepreneurship: the impact of élite return migrants in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana. Popul Space Place 10:133–154. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.319
Asafo-Adje C, Iyer-Raniga U, Aranda-Mena G (2017) Mobility and access to transportation for the rural poor: examining the role of intermediate means of transport (IMTS) in Ghana. In: 13th international postgraduate research conference 2017 conference
Awumbila M (2017) Drivers of migration and urbanization in Africa: key trends and issues. Background paper prepared for UN expert group meeting on sustainable cities, human mobility and international migration. 7–8 September 2017
Awuse N, Tadoh Offi P, Acakpovi A (2020) Internal migration and poverty reduction in Ghana. Int J Technol Manag Res. https://doi.org/10.47127/ijtmr.v5i1.83
Bakewell O, Jónsson G (2011) Migration, mobility and the African city. IMI Work. Pap. 1–31
Banjo G, Gordon H, Riverson J (2012) Rural transport: improving its contribution to growth and poverty reduction in sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program (SSATP), 93. Washington, DC
Bayar M, Aral MM (2019) An analysis of large-scale forced migration in Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214210
Berg CN, Blankespoor B, Selod H (2018) Roads and rural development in Sub-Saharan Africa. J Dev Stud 54:856–874. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2018.1430772
Black R, Bellagamba A, Botta E, Ceesay E, Cissokho D, Engeler M, Lenoël A, Oelgemöller C, Riccio B, Sakho P, Somparé AW, Vitturini E, Zingari GN (2022) Migration drivers and migration choice: interrogating responses to migration and development interventions in West Africa. Comp Migr Stud. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-022-00283-3
Blekking J, Giroux S, Waldman K, Battersby J, Tuholske C, Robeson SM, Siame G (2022) The impacts of climate change and urbanization on food retailers in urban sub-Saharan Africa. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 55:101169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2022.101169
Borderon M, Sakdapolrak P, Muttarak R, Kebede E, Pagogna R, Sporer E (2019) Migration influenced by environmental change in Africa: a systematic review of empirical evidence. Demogr Res 41:491–544. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2019.41.18
Brickell K, Datta A (2016) Translocal geographies: spaces, places, connections, translocal geographies. Routledge.https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315549910
Peth SA (2014) What is translocality? A refined understanding of place and space in a globalized world. Conecting spots. Notes Migr. Environ. from a Geogr. Perspect. https://www.academia.edu/12020634/What_is_translocality_A_refined_understanding_of_place_and_space_in_a_globalized_world
Burchardt J (2016) Transportation infrastructure development in a low-income country (Ghana)
Caraman D, Constantin I (2016) Sustainable transport. Des. Mobil. Transp. Serv Dev Travel Exp Tools https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315587295
Castaldo A, Deshingkar P, Mckay A (2012) Internal migration, remittances and poverty: evidence from Ghana and India. Migrating out Poverty Res. Program. Consort
Charrièrre F, Fresia M (2008) West Africa as a migration and protection area. UN High Comm. Refug. https://www.alnap.org/system/files/content/resource/files/main/unhcr-2008.pdf
Chenikwi CK, Wang X (2019) Possible sustainability of intermodal transportation in Africa. Open J Appl Sci 09:139–158. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2019.94013
Cheteni P (2013) Transport infrastructure investment and transport sector productivity on economic growth in South Africa (1975–2011). Mediterr J Soc Sci 4:761–772. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n13p761
Cory E, Hellström Reimer M, Möller P (2020) Translocality and translocal subjectivities: a research overview across the fields of migration, culture and urban studies. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1462377/FULLTEXT01.pdf
Coz C, Le Hooper K (2021) Deepening labor migration governance at a time of immobility lessons from Ghana and Senegal. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/sites/default/files/publications/mpi-labor-migration-governance-ghana-senegal-2021_final.pdf
Dako-Gyeke M, Kodom RB, Dankyi EK, Sulemana A (2020) Drivers of independent migration among adolescents from selected West African countries. Child Youth Serv Rev 117:105293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105293
de Brauw A, Mueller V, Lee HL (2014) The role of rural-urban migration in the structural transformation of Sub-Saharan Africa. World Dev 63:33–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.10.013
Diaz Olvera L, Plat D, Pochet P (2013) The puzzle of mobility and access to the city in Sub-Saharan Africa. J Transp Geogr 32:56–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.08.009
Dick E, Schraven B (2021) Rural-urban migration in West Africa: contexts, trends, and recommendations. https://www.knomad.org/publication/rural-urban-migration-west-africa-contexts-trends-and-recommendations
Dick E, Schraven B (2018) Regional migration governance in Africa and beyond: a framework of analysis. Bonn. https://doi.org/10.23661/dp9.2018
Dinbabo MF, Badewa A, Yeboah C (2021) Socio-economic inequity and decision-making under uncertainty: West african migrants’ journey across the mediterranean to Europe. Soc Incl 9:216–225. https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i1.3663
Diwakar V, Shepherd A (2022) Sustaining escapes from poverty. World Dev 151:105611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105611
Duda I, Fasse A, Grote U (2018) Drivers of rural-urban migration and impact on food security in rural Tanzania. Food Secur 10:785–798. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-018-0788-1
Eduful AK, Hooper M (2019) Urban migration and housing during resource booms: the case of Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana. Habitat Int. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2019.102029
Ekperiware MC, Oluwaseun MO, Zomatic TL (2017) Comparative study of the effect of transport system on economic growth of. J Knowl Press 2:30–43
Ellram LM, Tate WL (2016) The use of secondary data in purchasing and supply management (P/SM) research. J Purch Supply Manag 22:250–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2016.08.005
Essel D, Spadaro JV (2020) Health and economic impacts of transport interventions in Accra, Ghana, World Health Organisation. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/338963/9789240017306-eng.pdf
Udelsmann Rodrigues C (2020) Intra-African Migration. European Union, Brussels, Belgium. https://doi.org/10.2861/911977
Flahaux ML, De Haas H (2016) African migration: trends, patterns, drivers. Comp Migr Stud 4:1–25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-015-0015-6
Flipo A, Sallustio M, Ortar N (2021) Sustainable mobility and the institutional lock-in: the example of rural France. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042189
Föbker S, Imani D, Nipper J, Otto M, Pfaffenbach C (2016) Translocal life and integration of highly-skilled migrants in Germany. Erdkunde 2:109–124. https://doi.org/10.3112/erdkunde.2016.02.Ol
Fonseca LM, Domingues JP, Dima AM (2020) Mapping the sustainable development goals relationships. Sustainability 12:1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12083359
Ford AC, Barr SL, Dawson RJ, James P (2015) Transport accessibility analysis using GIS: assessing sustainable transport in London. ISPRS Int J Geo-Inf. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4010124
Garcia AJ, Pindolia DK, Lopiano KK, Tatem AJ (2015) Modeling internal migration flows in sub-Saharan Africa using census microdata. Migr Stud. https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnu036
Gnimassoun B (2020) Regional integration: do intra-African trade and migration improve income in Africa? Int Reg Sci Rev 43:587–631. https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017619874852
Graham M (2020) Rural transport in Ghana – cost-benefit analysis of road and rail interventions. Copenhagen Consens, Cent, pp 1–46. https://copenhagenconsensus.com/sites/default/files/gp_a4_rural_transport_final.pdf
Greiner C (2011) Migration, translocal networks and socio-economic stratification in Namibia. Africa (Lond) 81:606–627. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0001972011000477
Greiner C (2010) Patterns of translocality: migration, livelihoods and identities in Northwest Namibia. Sociologus 60:131–161
Greiner C, Sakdapolrak P (2013) Translocality: concepts, applications and emerging research perspectives. Geogr Compass 7:373–384. https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12048
Gwilliam K (2011) Africa’s transport infrastructure mainstreaming maintenance, world
Hoffmann R, Dimitrova A, Muttarak R, Crespo Cuaresma J, Peisker J (2020) A meta-analysis of country-level studies on environmental change and migration. Nat Clim Chang 10:904–912. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0898-6
Institute for Transportation & Development Policy (2015) The role of transport in the sustainable development goals. Institute for Transportation and Development Policy
Jedwab R, Moradi A (2011) Transportation infrastructure and development in Ghana, pp 181–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58112-5_7
Johnston RB (2016) Arsenic and the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development. In: Arsen. Res. Glob. Sustain.—Proc. 6th Int. Congr. Arsen. Environ. AS 2016 12–14.https://doi.org/10.1201/b20466-7
Jones SL, Walsh JT, Appiah-Opoku S (2016) Rural transport health and safety in sub-Saharan Africa: online survey snapshot of expert opinion. Dev S Afr 33:677–702. https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2016.1203763
Kaag M, Baltissen G, Steel G, Lodder A (2019) Migration, youth, and land in West Africa: making the connections work for inclusive development. Land 8:1–4. https://doi.org/10.3390/land8040060
Kafle K, Benfica R, Winters P (2020) Does relative deprivation induce migration? Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa. Am J Agric Econ 102:999–1019. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajae.12007
Kaiser N, Barstow CK (2022) Rural transportation Infrastructure in low- and middle-income countries: a review of impacts, implications, and interventions. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042149
Kirwin M, Anderson J (2018) Identifying the factors driving West African migration.https://doi.org/10.1787/eb3b2806-en
Kollamparambil U (2017) Impact of internal in-migration on income inequality in receiving areas: a district level study of South Africa. J Dev Stud 53:2145–2163. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2016.1277019
Kwadwo D, Poku-boansi M, Kwafo K (2018) Connecting the dots: the nexus between transport and telecommunication in Ghana. Telecomm Policy 42:836–844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2018.07.008
Landau L, Kihato CW (2018) The future of mobility and migration within and from Sub-Saharan Africa. ESPAS Foresight Reflect Pap Ser 35:339–380
Lane CR, Williamson IA (2009) Sub-Saharan Africa: effects of infrastructure conditions on export competitiveness, third annual report
Leal Filho W, Azeiteiro U, Alves F, Pace P, Mifsud M, Brandli L, Caeiro SS, Disterheft A (2018) Reinvigorating the sustainable development research agenda: the role of the sustainable development goals (SDG). Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol 25:131–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2017.1342103
Li Q, Samimi C (2022) Sub-Saharan Africa’s international migration constrains its sustainable development under climate change. Sustain Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-022-01116-z
Mercandalli S, Losch B, Belebema MN, Bélières J-F, Bourgeois R, Dinbabo MF, Freguin-Gresh S, Mensah C, Nshimbi CC (2019) Rural migration in sub-Saharan Africa: patterns, drivers and relation to structural transformation. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. FAO and CIRAD. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca7404en
Mercandalli S, Losch B, Rapone C, Bourgeois R, Aida Khalil C (2017) Rural migration and the new dynamics of structural transformation of Sub-Saharan Africa, pp 14–17
Morton S, Pencheon D, Squires N (2017) Sustainable development goals (SDGs), and their implementation. Br Med Bull 124:81–90. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldx031
Mpandeli S, Nhamo L, Hlahla S, Naidoo D, Liphadzi S, Modi AT, Mabhaudhi T (2020) Migration under climate change in Southern Africa: a nexus planning perspective. Sustain 12:1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114722
Mueller V, Sheriff G, Dou X, Gray C (2020) Temporary migration and climate variation in eastern Africa. World Dev 126:104704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104704
Mulazzani L, Manrique R, Stancu C, Malorgio G (2020) Food security and migration in Africa: a validation of theoretical links using case studies from literature. New Medit 19:19–36. https://doi.org/10.30682/nm2002b
Njoh AJ (2008) Implications of africa’s transportation systems for development in the era of globalization. Rev Black Polit Econ 35:147–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12114-008-9032-0
Norman K (2013) Social dimensions of transport—a resource for social impact, pp 1–29. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/227032/Social_Dimensions_of_Transport_for_externals.pdf
Olawumi TO, Chan DWM (2018) A scientometric review of global research on sustainability and sustainable development. J Clean Prod 183:231–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.162
Oliete Josa S, Magrinyà F (2018) Patchwork in an interconnected world: the challenges of transport networks in Sub-Saharan Africa. Transp Rev 38:710–736. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2017.1414899
Peth SA (2014) What is translocality? A refined understanding of place and space in a globalized world [WWW Document]. Conecting spots. Notes Migr. Environ. from a Geogr. Perspect.
Poku-Boansi M (2021) Contextualizing urban growth, urbanisation and travel behaviour in Ghanaian cities. Cities 110:103083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.103083
Poku-Boansi M (2020) Path dependency in transport: a historical analysis of transport service delivery in Ghana. Case Stud Transp Policy 8:1137–1147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2020.07.003
Porter G (2014) Transport services and their impact on poverty and growth in rural sub-Saharan Africa: a review of recent research and future research needs. Transp Rev. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2013.865148
Porter G, Hampshire K, Abane A, Tanle A, Munthali A, Robson E, Mashiri M, Maponya G (2011) Young people’s transport and mobility in sub-Saharan Africa: the gendered journey to school. Doc d’Analisi Geogr 57:61–79
Quartey P, Setrana MB, Tagoe CA (2020) Migration in West and North Africa and across the Mediterranean—Chapter 21—Migration Across West Africa: development-related aspects. IOM Online Bookstore, pp 270–278
Regmi MB (2020) Case studies on transport policy measuring sustainability of urban mobility: a pilot study of Asian cities. Case Stud Transp Policy 8:1224–1232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2020.08.003
Rodrigue J-P (2020) Transportation, sustainability and decarbonization. Geogr. Transp. Syst. https://transportgeography.org/contents/chapter4/transportation-sustainability-decarbonization/
Ruggerio CA (2021) Sustainability and sustainable development: a review of principles and definitions. Sci Total Environ 786:147481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147481
Sadiddin A, Cattaneo A, Cirillo M, Miller M (2019) Food insecurity as a determinant of international migration: evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa. Food Secur. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-019-00927-w
Sahitya KS, Prasad C (2021) GIS-based urban road network accessibility modeling using MLR, ANN and ANFIS methods. Transp Telecommun 22:15–28. https://doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2021-0002
Sartori S, Da Silva FL, De Souza Campos LM (2014) Sustainability and sustainable development: a taxonomy in the field of literature. Ambient e Soc 17:1–22
Schneiderheinze C, Dick E, Lücke M, Rahim A, Schraven B, Villa M (2018) Regional integration and migration between low-and-middle-income countries: Regional initiatives need to be strengthened 82:1–15
Shi L, Han L, Yang F, Gao L (2019) The evolution of sustainable development theory: types, goals, and research prospects. Sustainability 11:1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247158
Sietchiping R, Permezel MJ, Ngomsi C (2012) Transport and mobility in sub-Saharan African cities: An overview of practices, lessons and options for improvements. Cities 29:183–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2011.11.005
Steinbrink M, Niedenführ H (2020) Vulnerability and Translocality: Why Livelihoods Become Translocal. In: Springer Geography, pp 53–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22841-5_4
Stucki M (2020) Policies for sustainable accessibility and mobility in urban areas of Africa
Tettey C (2012) Harmonizing rapid urbanization and local transit for contemporary cities in West Africa—the case of Accra City, pp 1–14
Teye JK, Awumbila M, Benneh Y (2015) Assessing the motivations for migration among West African immigrants in itinerant retail trading in Ghana
Thynell M (2017) Roads to equal access: the role of transport in transforming mobility. Transp. Sustain. Dev. Goals 78
UN DESA (2017) United nations expert group meeting on sustainable cities, Human Mobility, pp 7–8
United Nations (2015) Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development
United Nations (2004) Social dimensions of international mobility, pp 151–165. https://doi.org/10.18356/9cd97393-en
Vartanian TP (2011) Secondary data analysis
Walters JG, Marsh S (2022) Planning perspectives on rural connected, autonomous and electric vehicle implementation. Sustainability
Woldeab R (2019) Why do people migrate? The 4 most common types of migration—population education. Coment. y Recur.
Yaro JA (2007) Migration in West Africa: patterns, issues and challenges patterns of migration in West Africa, pp 1–17
Yeboah Danso-Wiredu E (2011) Mobility and access for off-road rural farmers in West-Akim District, Ghana. J Geogr. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/gjg/article/view/110762
Yobo E (2018) State intervention in public transportation In Ghana. J Transp Logist 3:36–51. https://doi.org/10.26650/jtl.2018.03.01.04
Yobo E (2013) The politics of public transportation in Ghana: the case of metro mass transit limited. Unpublished masters dissertation, Department of Political Science, University of Ghana, pp 12–18
Zanker F, Arhin-sam K, Jegen L, Bergstraesser A (2020) Free movement in West Africa: juxtapositions and divergent interests. Mercat. Dialogue Asylum Migr. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Franzisca-Zanker/publication/342748104_Free_movement_in_West_Africa_Juxtapositions_and_Divergent_Interests/links/5f04a5a5299bf18816082e39/Free-movement-in-West-Africa-Juxtapositions-and-Divergent-Interests.pdf
Funding
This research received funding support from the West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) on the Migration and Translocality in West Africa (MiTRAWA) Project.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
None.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Amponsah, E., Poku-Boansi, M., Amoako, C. et al. Transportation–Translocality Nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Implications for Sustainable Livelihoods and Development: A Systematic Review. Transp. in Dev. Econ. 9, 12 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40890-023-00182-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40890-023-00182-x