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The impact of telehealth education on self-management in patients with coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a 26-week randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

Background

The prevalence of coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension is increasing globally and posing significant health challenges. Effective self-management is crucial for controlling the disease and preventing complications. Telehealth education has emerged as a promising approach to enhancing self-management.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the effects of telehealth education on glycolipid metabolism, blood pressure, and self-management in patients with coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension.

Methods

This study included 174 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and hypertension from October 2022 to March 2023 at the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. The patients were randomly assigned to the control group or the telehealth education group. The control group received conventional diabetes education including diet and exercise guidance, while the telehealth education group received additional online education through the WeChatapplication. Both groups were followed up for 26 weeks and the changes in glycolipid metabolism, blood pressure, and self-management were compared between the groups.

Results

After 26 weeks of intervention, the telehealth education group showed statistically significant reductions in weight, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, and hemoglobin A1c compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The telehealth education group also exhibited a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein-C level (P < 0.05). The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities score, which reflects the level of diabetes self-management, demonstrated that the telehealth education group had a significantly better total score as well as superior scores in all five sub-categories (diet, blood glucose testing, medication use, and foot care) compared to the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our findings confirmed that telehealth education effectively enhanced the self-management capabilities of patients with coexisting type 2 diabetes and hypertension, leading to better glycolipid and blood pressure control. The use of telehealth education may potentially improve the interaction between medical staff and patients in the management of chronic diseases.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available but can be obtained from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the 900th Hospital clinical application research project (2020L04) and the Fujian Province Natural Science Foundation guided project (2020Y0079).

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Author notes

  1. Hongjiang Ye, Ling Lin and Dongmei Zhong contributed equally to this work and share the first authorship.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

    Hongjiang Ye, Ling Lin, Dongmei Zhong, Pin Chen, Xiaoqiong He & Zhurong Luo

  2. The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistics Surport Force, PLA, Changzhou, China

    Ping Chen

Authors
  1. Hongjiang Ye
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  2. Ling Lin
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  3. Dongmei Zhong
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  7. Ping Chen
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. HJY and LL conceived and designed the study. HJY, DMZ, and PC performed the experiments, analyzed the results, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. XH supervised the laboratory processes. ZL and PC provided assistance with statistical analyses and writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhurong Luo or Ping Chen.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the revised Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the 900th Hospital of the United Nations Logistics Base at Brindisi (2022-094). The trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (registration no. ChiCTR2300068743).

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Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

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Ye, H., Lin, L., Zhong, D. et al. The impact of telehealth education on self-management in patients with coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a 26-week randomized controlled trial. J Endocrinol Invest (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02310-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02310-9

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