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Association of 24-h movement behaviors with phase angle in community-dwelling older adults: a compositional data analysis

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Abstract

Background

Phase angle (PhA) is an indicator of cellular conditions. Recent studies have suggested that PhA supports healthy aging. Identifying modifiable lifestyle factors for PhA is important. The associations of PhA in 24-h movement behaviors, including physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep, have not been studied in older adults.

Objectives

We investigated the cross-sectional associations between 24-h movement behaviors and PhA in community-dwelling older adults while appropriately considering the co-dependent nature of daily time use using compositional data analysis.

Methods

The participants were 113 healthy older adults. PhA was measured using a bioelectrical impedance device. Time spent in light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA), and SB was measured using a tri-axial accelerometer. Sleep duration information was self-reported in a questionnaire. Compositional multiple linear regression and compositional isotemporal substitution were performed to examine the associations of 24-h movement behaviors with PhA and hypothetical time reallocation in movement behaviors with PhA, respectively.

Results

Even after adjusting for potential confounders, relative to other behaviors more time spent in MVPA was significantly associated with higher PhA (p < 0.001). The 30 min/day of time reallocation from the other behaviors (SB, LPA, and sleep) to MVPA was predicted to be 0.12 higher PhA (corresponding to 2.3% increase; 95% CI 0.01, 0.24).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that increasing or maintaining the daily time spent in MVPA is important for managing PhA in older adults, regardless of the other behaviors time consumed instead.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available due to reasons of sensitivity human data and are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the study participants, the laboratory seniors who set up the research in Kasama City, and Kasama City officials for their cooperation. In addition, the authors would like to thank Editage (www.editage.jp) for English-language editing.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Doctoral Program in Physical Education, Health and Sport Science, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Degree Programs in Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan

    Yujiro Asano

  2. Doctoral Program in Public Health, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Degree Programs in Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan

    Koki Nagata

  3. R&D Center for Tailor-Made QOL, University of Tsukuba, 1-2 Kasuga, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8550, Japan

    Kyohei Shibuya & Tomohiro Okura

  4. Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, 150 Tobuki, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0001, Japan

    Yuya Fujii & Naruki Kitano

  5. Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan

    Tomohiro Okura

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  1. Yujiro Asano
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Contributions

YA: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing–original draft, Visualization. KN: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing–review & editing. KS: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing–review. NK: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing–review & editing, Visualization. YF: Conceptualization, Writing–review. TO: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Writing–review

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Naruki Kitano.

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This study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Tsukuba (Tai 30–5).

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Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants.

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Asano, Y., Nagata, K., Shibuya, K. et al. Association of 24-h movement behaviors with phase angle in community-dwelling older adults: a compositional data analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res 35, 1469–1476 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02425-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02425-8

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