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The relation between prenatal stress, overweight and obesity in children diagnosed according to BMI and percentage fat tissue

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Abstract

Background

One of the environmental factors contributing to abnormal weight changes in children may be maternal exposure to adverse environmental factors during pregnancy, which in previous studies led to inconclusive results showing both overweight or obesity and underweight in children. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of prenatal stress on the BMI status and cut-off points for the percentage of fat content.

Methods

The cohort study included 254 girls and 276 boys. Information on prenatal stress was collected retrospectively with a questionnaire on objective adverse events completed by a parent/guardian of a 6–12-year-old child. We examined the body weight of children and performed an electrical bioimpedance analysis of their body composition. We assessed the BMI status according to the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criterion and on the basis of body fat according to McCarthy criterion.

Results

The results of our study show that the prenatal stress was related to increased risk of overweight (OR 2.14, 95% CI: 1.25–3.65) diagnosed on the basis of body fat cut-off points, but not when the BMI was a diagnostic criterion (OR 1.03, 95% CI: 0.58–1.83).

Conclusion

The method of diagnosis based on the fat content appears to be an indicator of the occurrence of abnormalities in body composition due to prenatal stress more sensitive than that based on the BMI.

Level of evidence

Level III evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.

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Funding

This research was funded by the National Science Center (grant no. 2016/21/B/NZ5/00492).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 60-614, Poznan, Poland

    Ewa Bryl, Tomasz Hanć & Paula Szcześniewska

  2. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572, Poznan, Poland

    Agata Dutkiewicz & Agnieszka Słopień

  3. Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806, Poznan, Poland

    Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz

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  1. Ewa Bryl
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Contributions

Conceptualization, TH, MD-W and AS; methodology, TH, MD-W and AS; investigation, EB, PS, TH, AD, MD-W; data curation, EB; writing—original draft preparation, EB, TH; project administration, TH; funding acquisition, TH, MD-W, AS All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.”

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Correspondence to Ewa Bryl.

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The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee Poznan University of Medical Sciences (approval no. 542/14).

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Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

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Bryl, E., Hanć, T., Szcześniewska, P. et al. The relation between prenatal stress, overweight and obesity in children diagnosed according to BMI and percentage fat tissue. Eat Weight Disord 27, 2759–2773 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-022-01416-4

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