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Study of the behavior of the electric arc in pulsed GMAW influenced by magnetic oscillation using shielding gas mixtures with different CO2 content

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Abstract

In mechanized or automatic GMAW welding, when necessary, weaving is usually performed by mechanical devices. On the other hand, magnetic fields are commonly used for the same purpose in mechanized GTA welding. Experiments were carried out using GMAW with short-circuit, and pulsed metal transfer in which controlled magnetic oscillation was applied. A clear influence of the imposed magnetic field on process stability was observed, and its effect was associated to the shielding gas mixture composition. Therefore, the present work evaluates the effect of magnetic arc oscillation in the pulsed GMAW using two argon-based shielding mixtures, one containing 18%CO2 (a commonly used composition for short-circuit metal transfer operation) and the other with 4%CO2. Welding trial with different pulse conditions and magnetic field strength for arc deflection were performed. The results indicated a degradation of process stability by the magnetic field with arc extinctions occurring during the base period of the pulsed current and preferably when the arc deflection was close to its maximum. High-speed videos showed that the arc deflection was more intense during the base period leading to excessive arc elongation, high welding voltage values and, eventually, to extinction of the arc. Results also indicated that higher CO2 content in the shielding gas favors process instability in the presence of the magnetic field. This was associated with a higher sensitivity of the welding voltage to arc length variations caused by the arc deflection due to the applied magnetic field.

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Notes

  1. ASTM—American Society for Testing and Materials.

  2. AWS—American Welding Society.

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks to Prof. Alberto Gontijo—Control and Automation of the COLTEC Technical College and engineer André Martins Vaz—Control and Automation Engineer, without whom the magnetic oscillator system would not have been finalized. Thanks also to Prof. Matheus Pereira Porto—THERMOMETRY, all from the Federal University of Minas Gerais—UFMG.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PPGMEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Luciano Juliani

  2. Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Alexandre Queiroz Bracarense

  3. Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Paulo J. Modenesi

Authors
  1. Luciano Juliani
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  2. Alexandre Queiroz Bracarense
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  3. Paulo J. Modenesi
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Correspondence to Luciano Juliani.

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Technical Editor: Monica Carvalho.

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Juliani, L., Bracarense, A.Q. & Modenesi, P.J. Study of the behavior of the electric arc in pulsed GMAW influenced by magnetic oscillation using shielding gas mixtures with different CO2 content. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 43, 325 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-021-03033-1

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