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A new species of Chusquea (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) in the C. meyeriana informal group from southeastern Brazil

  • Systematics, Phylogeny & Floristics - Original Article
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Abstract

The Chusquea meyeriana informal group within Chusquea subg. Chusquea is endemic to the Atlantic forests of southeastern Brazil and includes seven described species (C. anelythra, C. anelytroides, C. attenuata, C. clemirae, C. longispiculata, C. meyeriana and C. parviligulata). Work on the treatment of Chusquea for the Flora do Brasil allowed us to confirm the presence of another unnamed species belonging to this group, which we here describe as Chusquea cordata. We compared its morphology with that of the partially sympatric C. longispiculata. Chusquea cordata is distinguished based on its cordate culm leaf blades, unique within this informal group, and smaller synflorescences and spikelets than in C. longispiculata, among other characters. In addition to line illustrations of the new species, a map of its geographical distribution and a key to the species of the C. meyeriana informal group based on vegetative characters, we illustrate the foliar micromorphology and anatomy of C. cordata and C. longispiculata to highlight both similarities and differences. Because the C. meyeriana informal group has been defined by differing combinations of vegetative and reproductive characters by various authors, we propose an updated combination of diagnostic features including a new character. This informal group is now diagnosed by: the presence of a white waxy infranodal band; culm leaves with at least a slight corky ridge at the juncture of the girdle and sheath; at least initially infravaginal branching; synflorescences subtended by 1–4 spatheate bracts; the lower two primary synflorescence branches strongly reflexed; and spikelets with very reduced glumes I and II. With this new species, Chusquea comprises 198 described species, of which 49 occur in Brazil, with 45 of them endemic.

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Acknowledgements

Field work by LC was supported by National Science Foundation grant BSR-8906340 and herbarium research in Brazil was supported by a Professor Visitante Especial grant from the CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brazil). KV was supported by CAPES (financial code 001) and also thanks FAPESB (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia, grant PIE0009/2016) and CNPq (grants 562349/2010-3 and 401526/2014-3) for financial support for field trips. RPO was supported by a fellowship from CNPq (PQ-1C). TL was supported by CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brazil) grant PDSE 99999.003340/2015-05. We thank Tracey M. Stewart for assistance with SEM work and access to the Roy J. Carver High Resolution Microscopy Facility at ISU. Jordan Angell and Sonya Gau provided the line illustrations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-4009, USA

    Lynn G. Clark & Thales D. Leandro

  2. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44036-900, Brazil

    Kaio Vinicius de A. Vidal & Reyjane P. Oliveira

  3. Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil

    Thales D. Leandro

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  1. Lynn G. Clark
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  2. Kaio Vinicius de A. Vidal
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  3. Reyjane P. Oliveira
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  4. Thales D. Leandro
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Contributions

LC conducted field work, prepared the macromorphological description and comparisons, and imaged samples for SEM. TL sectioned the leaf blades and imaged samples for SEM, prepared the anatomical and micromorphological descriptions, and prepared the corresponding figures. KV conducted field work and prepared the distribution map and the conservation assessment for the new species. RPO assisted with logistical and financial support for field and herbarium work. LC and TL wrote the manuscript and all authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Lynn G. Clark or Thales D. Leandro.

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Lynn G. Clark is an Associate Editor of the Brazilian Journal of Botany, and another Associate Editor handled this submission.

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Clark, L.G., Vidal, K.V., Oliveira, R.P. et al. A new species of Chusquea (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) in the C. meyeriana informal group from southeastern Brazil. Braz. J. Bot 45, 1249–1260 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-022-00838-9

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