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Self-sterility and self-fertility of Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae) in the Cerrado of Central Brazil

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Abstract

Many species of wild passion fruit are used for the genetic breeding of passion fruit crop and kept in germplasm banks. This study investigated floral biology, breeding system, and chromosome number of Passiflora species that occur in areas of Cerrado in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, from 2008 to 2010. In general, the species bloomed in the rainy season, the anthesis was diurnal, except for P. tricuspis, and flowers were open from 6 to 12 h. At the time of flower opening, the nectar was already accumulated in the nectariferous chamber. Protandry occurred only in P. tenuifila. Bees were the main flower visitors of these species. There were significant differences in the diameter and length of the floral androgynophore among species. Passiflora amethystina, P. tenuifila (both subgenus Passiflora), and P. suberosa (subgenus Decaloba) were self-fertile, while P. cincinnata (subgenus Passiflora) and P. tricuspis (subgenus Decaloba) were self-sterile, which contrasted with the usual trends in the group. The chromosome number for P. tricuspis was 2n = 12, P. amethystina and P. tenuifila were 2n = 18 chromosomes, and P. suberosa was 2n = 24 chromosomes, which conformed to the recorded results for the group. Overall conservative chromosome numbers, and self-fertility in P. amethystina are interesting results for breeding programs and basic information for conservation.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisas Agropecuárias (EMBRAPA-CERRADOS) for funding the work and internship scholarships awarded to the first two authors, referring to the sub-project: Floral biology and pollination of native passion fruit (Passiflora); the members of the LECA (Laboratório de Ecologia e Comportamento de Abelhas- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia—UFU) for the identification of the species of bees; to Dra. Júlia Yamagishi Costa (UFU) and MSc. Rafaela Cabral Marinho for their help in the cytogenetic analysis and Ms. Isabel to allow studies of species in her backyard.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil

    Mariana Oliveira Duarte, Mariana Ferreira Alves, Ana Angélica Almeida Barbosa & Paulo Eugênio Oliveira

  2. Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Unidade Universitária de Quirinópolis, Quirinópolis, Goiás, 75860-000, Brazil

    Marcela Yamamoto

  3. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisas Agropecuárias (EMBRAPA/CERRADOS), Planaltina de Goiás, Brazil

    Sueli Matiko Sano

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  1. Mariana Oliveira Duarte
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  2. Mariana Ferreira Alves
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  5. Ana Angélica Almeida Barbosa
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  6. Paulo Eugênio Oliveira
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Correspondence to Paulo Eugênio Oliveira.

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Duarte, M.O., Alves, M.F., Yamamoto, M. et al. Self-sterility and self-fertility of Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae) in the Cerrado of Central Brazil. Braz. J. Bot 37, 61–68 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-013-0041-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-013-0041-2

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