Abstract
Purpose
Genetic variants of AMELX gene can affect the protein content, organization of enamel prisms, microstructure and microhardness of the enamel, thus altering the caries susceptibility. The present study aims to assess the association between polymorphisms rs17878486, rs5934997, and rs5933871 of AMELX gene and Early Childhood Caries (ECC).
Materials and methods
This case–control study was conducted on 200 participants, aged 3–6 years, with 100 controls and 100 children with ECC. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, birth-weight, type of delivery, oral hygiene practices, feeding history and 24-h diet diary. DNA was isolated from blood and subjected to PCR followed by Sanger sequencing.
Results
The CC genotype of rs17878486 showed an OR of 1.93 (0.34–10.81; P = 0.73). In a recessive model, the CC genotype of rs17878486 reported an OR of 2.04 (0.36–11.40; P = 0.68); rs5593871 reported an OR of 1.00 (0.31–3.21). Statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between genotype and allele frequencies of rs17878486, rs5934997, and rs5933871 were not observed between children with ECC and the controls.
Conclusion
Polymorphisms of AMELX gene did not show a significant association with ECC in this population. However, documentation of genetic data in a global context of ECC may be essential for the future.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.
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Funding
The authors extend their thanks to the assistance provided under Founder-Chancellor, Shri NPV Ramasamy Udayar Research Fellowship (Ref No. Founder Chancellor Fellowship 2019-20-2) by Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research in conducting this study.
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The responsibility of ASwas to contribute to conception, methodology, design, data acquisition, analysis, interpretation, drafting and critically revising the manuscript. The responsibility of MSM was to contribute to conception, methodology, design, analysis, interpretation, and critically revising the manuscript. The responsibility of VV was to contribute to conception, methodology, design, data acquisition, statistical analysis, interpretation, and critical revision of the manuscript. The responsibility of SN was to contribute to conceptualisation, analysis, interpretation, and critical revision of the manuscript. The responsibility of GT was to contribute to data analysis, interpretation, and critical revision of the manuscript.
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All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments. Institutional Ethical Committee of Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher education and Research, Chennai, India approved this study with reference number Ref: IEC-N1/20/OCT/76/91).
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This work was carried out in the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry and Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai.
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Sharma, A., Muthu, M.S., Vettriselvi, V. et al. AMELX gene association to early childhood caries in south-Indian children: a case–control study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 25, 201–210 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-024-00866-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-024-00866-x