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Relationship of sleep quality, chronotype, and obstructive sleep apnea with migraine in the elderly population

Zusammenhang von Schlafqualität, Chronotyp und obstruktiver Schlafapnoe mit Migräne in der älteren Bevölkerung

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Summary

Purpose

Disturbances of sleep have frequently been reported in individuals with migraine. On top of this, an elderly patient with migraine also suffers from sleep disturbances due to changes in physiologic and mental health associated with aging. This study aimed to compare several sleep factors, namely sleep quality, chronotype, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk, between elderly people with and without migraine.

Methods

This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in 10 neurologic clinics located in Tehran, Iran, over 2 years. The sample size was calculated as 189, including 63 migraine and 126 non-migraine patients.

Results

A significant difference was observed in the mean score of the global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) between migraine and non-migraine groups (p-value = 0.002), and in the individual components of the PSQI. However, there were no significant differences in the frequency of different types of chronotype (p-value = 0.125, T = 1.541) or OSA risk between the two groups (p-value = 0.568, T = −0.573). The binary logistic regression model showed that the relationship between global PSQI and migraine was significant (p = 0.002).

Conclusion

Sleep quality is a problem for elderly migraine sufferers. Meanwhile, certain factors such as chronotype and OSA have no significant relationship with migraine among community-dwelling seniors. Further studies are required to enhance our understanding of this observation.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Arbeit

Schlafstörungen werden häufig von Personen mit Migräne angegeben. Außerdem leidet ein älterer Patient mit Migräne auch an Schlafstörungen aufgrund von altersbedingten Veränderungen der physiologischen Abläufe und der psychischen Gesundheit. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, verschiedene Schlaffaktoren, insbesondere die Schlafqualität, den Chronotyp und das Risiko für obstruktive Schlafapnoe (OSA), zwischen älteren Menschen mit und ohne Migräne zu vergleichen.

Methoden

Es handelt sich um eine Multizenter-Querschnitt-Studie, die 2 Jahre lang an 10 neurologischen Kliniken in Teheran, Iran, durchgeführt wurde. Als Stichprobengröße wurden 189 Probanden ermittelt, 63 Patienten mit Migräne und 126 ohne Migräne.

Ergebnisse

Ein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen der Gruppe mit und der Gruppe ohne Migräne wurde beim mittleren Wert für den globalen Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) festgestellt (p = 0,002) sowie für die einzelnen Komponenten des PSQI. Jedoch bestanden keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Gruppen bei der Häufigkeit der verschiedenen Typen des Chronotyps (p = 0,125; T = 1,541) oder beim OSA-Risiko (p = 0,568; T = −0,573). Das binäre logistische Regressionsmodell zeigte, dass der Zusammenhang zwischen dem globalen PSQI und Migräne signifikant war (p = 0,002).

Schlussfolgerung

Die Schlafqualität stellt ein Problem für ältere Migränepatienten dar. Allerdings weisen bestimmte Faktoren wie der Chronotyp und OSA keinen signifikanten Zusammenhang mit Migräne bei Senioren auf, die noch selbstständig in der Gesellschaft leben. Weitere Studien sind erforderlich, um das Verständnis dieser Beobachtung zu vertiefen.

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Abbreviations

ICHD3:

International Classification of Headache Disorders third edition

MEQ:

Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire

OSA:

Obstructive sleep apnea

PSQI:

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

STOP-BANG:

Snoring, tiredness, observed apnea, blood pressure, body mass index, age, neck circumference, gender questionnaire

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Ms. Nur Athirah Inche Mat for the English revision of the manuscript.

Funding

This work is supported by Putra Grant (GP-IPM/2017/9544800) from University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (My Ageing), University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia

    Asieh Kouhi Fayegh & Hazwan Mat Din

  2. Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia

    Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman, Hamidon Basri & Liyana Najwa Inche Mat

  3. Department of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Nursing, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

    Maryam Ravanipour

  4. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mohd Hazmi Bin Mohamed

  5. Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, 68100, Batu Caves, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Vasudevan Ramachandran

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  1. Asieh Kouhi Fayegh
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Contributions

AKF, MR, and HMD analyzed and interpreted the patient data. WAWS, HB, MHM, VR, and LNIM drafted the study protocol and were major contributors in writing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Liyana Najwa Inche Mat.

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Conflict of interest

A. Kouhi Fayegh, H. Mat Din, W.A. Wan Sulaiman, M. Ravanipour, H. Basri, M.H. Bin Mohamed, V. Ramachandran, and L.N. Inche Mat declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical standards

This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. It has been approved by the Ethics Committee of University Putra Malaysia (JKEUPM), reference number JKEUPM-2019-314, and Bushehr province University of Medical Sciences Research Ethics Committee, reference number IR.BPUMS.REC.1398.125. Informed consent to participate in this study was obtained from all subjects and/or their guardian(s).

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The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the study are not publicly available to protect patient privacy but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Kouhi Fayegh, A., Mat Din, H., Wan Sulaiman, W.A. et al. Relationship of sleep quality, chronotype, and obstructive sleep apnea with migraine in the elderly population. Neuropsychiatr (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-023-00467-y

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