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Amelioration of diabetes and its complications by Manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen fruit peel extract and its fractions in alloxan and STZ-NA induced diabetes in Wistar rats

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate the effects of Manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen fruit peel extract (EMZFP) and its fractions in ameliorating diabetes and its complications in alloxan and STZ-NA induced diabetes in Wistar rats.

Methods

Antidiabetic effects of EMZFP were assessed in alloxan (150 mg kg-1) induced diabetes in differently grouped rats (n=6). Diabetic rats were treated with EMZFP 150, 300, and 600 mg kg-1 while, glimepiride (0.09 mg kg-1) was used as a reference standard. Treated animals were assessed for various biological parameters i.e. blood glucose, serum lipids, nephroprotective markers, cardiovascular risk indices, liver glycogen, neuropathy, body weight, and histopathology of kidneys. However, for evaluating antidiabetic effects of fractions (chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, and remaining ethanol fraction) of EMZFP, diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (60 mg kg-1)–nicotinamide (120 mg kg-1/ml) in differently grouped male rats (n=6). Diabetic rats were treated with EMZFP fractions 200 mg kg-1 however; glibenclamide (10 mg kg-1) was a reference standard and evaluated for blood glucose, serum lipids, cardiovascular risk indices, and diabetic neuropathy.

Results

EMZFP 300 and 600 mg kg-1/day demonstrated significant antihyperglycemic effects with augmentation in glycogen content, perfection in serum lipid profile, cardiovascular risk indices, body weight enhancement, nephroprotective effects, beneficial in peripheral neuropathy, and histopathological evidence of reversal of glomerulosclerosis. EMZFP-Et and EMZFP-EA fractions depicted a significant improvement in blood glucose, serum lipid profile, cardiovascular risk indices, and peripheral neuropathy.

Conclusion

EMZFP and its Et and EA fractions ameliorated diabetes and its complications by improving glycemic control and associated biochemical alteration.

Highlights

• Manilkara Zapota (L.) P. Royen fruit peel 70% ethanolic extract exert antidiabetic effects

• EMZFP significantly ameliorated diabetic biochemical parameters and its complications.

• EMZFP-Et and EMZFP-EA fractions exert potential antihyperglycemic, hypolipidemic effects and significantly improved cardiovascular risk indices, and peripheral neuropathy.

• Studied MZFP can be used as promising natural herbal source of antidiabetic principles.

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Data availability

Availability of data on reasonable request to corresponding author

Declaration

Abbreviations

i.p.:

Intraperitoneal

p.o.:

Administered orally

b.w.:

Body weight

STZ:

Streptozotocin

NA:

Nicotinamide

MZFP:

Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen fruit peel

EMZFP:

70% ethanolic extract of Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen fruit peel

EMZFP-C:

Chloroform fraction of EMZFP

EMZFP-A:

Acetone fraction of EMZFP

EMZFP-EA:

Ethyl acetate fraction of EMZFP

EMZFP-Et:

Remaining ethanol fraction of EMZFP

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the research center, School of Pharmacy and RUSA Centre for herbo medicinal studies at S.R.T.M. University, Nanded, India. Sincerely acknowledges S. N. Institute of Pharmacy, Pusad, India for providing laboratory animal research facilities. The authors are grateful to the Botanical Survey of India, Pune, India, for identification and authentication of plant material.

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This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, S.R.T.M. University, Nanded, 431606, MS, India

    Pravin P. Karle, Shashikant C. Dhawale & Vijay V. Navghare

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  1. Pravin P. Karle
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KPP: Conceptualization, methodology, investigation, data interpretation, editing & writing original draft. DSC: Methodology supervision. NVV: Formal analysis. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Pravin P. Karle.

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Karle, P.P., Dhawale, S.C. & Navghare, V.V. Amelioration of diabetes and its complications by Manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen fruit peel extract and its fractions in alloxan and STZ-NA induced diabetes in Wistar rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 21, 493–510 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-022-01000-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-022-01000-8

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