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The association between dietary patterns with severity of coronary artery stenosis, serum leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, and some related risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease

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Abstract

Background

This research aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns with severity of coronary artery stenosis, serum leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, and some related risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease referred for coronary angiography.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was carried out on 191 men patients with known coronary disease aged 40–70 years whom were admitted to angiography ward of Ahvaz teaching hospital, Ahvaz, Iran. Dietary patterns were investigated using 161-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric indices; blood pressure; serum levels of adiponectin and leptin, blood levels of glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides were measured. Patients were categorized based on the severity of coronary artery disease [number of vessel involved-single (VD1), double (VD2), triple (VD3)].

Results

Three major dietary patterns were recognized using a factor analysis approach: western, healthy, and traditional patterns. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that there was a negative association between healthy dietary pattern with LDL-C, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. This dietary pattern was positively related to HDL-C. Both traditional and western dietary patterns were related to fasting blood glucose level and lipid profile. General obesity was positively associated with traditional and western dietary patterns. There was a positive relationship between central obesity with traditional and western dietary patterns, but a negative association was reported between the healthy dietary pattern and central obesity. Traditional and western dietary patterns demonstrated a significant positive relationship with serum leptin levels and ratio of L/A, and an inverse relationship with adiponectin. Healthy dietary pattern had a significant negative association with serum leptin levels and ratio of L/A. Healthy dietary pattern was negatively related to the severity of vessel stenosis. Patients in the third quartile of healthy dietary pattern were less likely to have vessel stenosis (OR = 43%, 95% CI: 0.07–0.87).

Conclusions

The findings show that adherence to a healthy dietary pattern was negatively associated with coronary artery stenosis and its related risk factors. However, adherence to western and traditional dietary patterns was positively related to coronary artery disease risk factors.

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Data Availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article. The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgment

This study was funded by Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. We would like to acknowledge the contribution of research participants who were involved in this study.

Funding

This research was supported by Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The funders had no a role in study design, decision to publish and preparation of the manuscript. No addition external funding was received for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Majid Mohamadshahi

  2. Atherosclerosis Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Habib Haybar

  3. Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Center, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Aghdas Mousavi-Borazjani

  4. Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Mohammadhossein Haghighizadeh

  5. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Behnaz Abiri

Authors
  1. Majid Mohamadshahi
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  2. Habib Haybar
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  3. Aghdas Mousavi-Borazjani
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  4. Mohammadhossein Haghighizadeh
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  5. Behnaz Abiri
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Contributions

MM, HH, and AM designed this study. HH and AM participated in the conduct of the study. MH analyzed the data. BA drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Habib Haybar.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

All participants were informed about the objectives of the study and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. The study protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (approval number: IR.AJUMS.REC.1394.186).

Competing interests

None.

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Mohamadshahi, M., Haybar, H., Mousavi-Borazjani, A. et al. The association between dietary patterns with severity of coronary artery stenosis, serum leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, and some related risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease. J Diabetes Metab Disord 20, 697–708 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00801-7

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