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The analgesic potential of glycosides derived from medicinal plants

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Abstract

Pain represents an unpleasant sensation linked to actual or potential tissue damage. In the early phase, the sensation of pain is caused due to direct stimulation of the sensory nerve fibers. On the other hand, the pain in the late phase is attributed to inflammatory mediators. Current medicines used to treat inflammation and pain are effective; however, they cause severe side effects, such as ulcer, anemia, osteoporosis, and endocrine disruption. Increased attention is recently being focused on the examination of the analgesic potential of phytoconstituents, such as glycosides of traditional medicinal plants, because they often have suitable biological activities with fewer side effects as compared to synthetic drugs. The purpose of this article is to review for the first time the current state of knowledge on the use of glycosides from medicinal plants to induce analgesia and anti-inflammatory effect. Various databases and search engines, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar, were used to search and collect relevant studies on glycosides with antinociceptive activities. The results led to the identification of several glycosides that exhibited marked inhibition of various pain mediators based on different well-established assays. Additionally, these glycosides were found to induce most of the analgesic effects through cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. These findings can be useful to identify new candidates which can be clinically developed as analgesics with better bioavailability and reduced side effects.

Analgesic mechanisms of plant glycosides

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Abbreviations

AUC:

area under the curve

COX:

cyclooxygenase

ED50 :

50% effective dose

IC50 :

50% inhibitory concentration

i.p.:

intraperitoneal

i.v.:

intravenous

LOX:

lipoxygenase

LTs:

leukotrienes

MMP:

metalloproteinase

PGs:

prostaglandins

PGE2 :

prostaglandin E2

PGI2 :

prostaglandin I2

p.o.:

per os

SDF:

salicylate derivative fraction

TPA:

12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

UDPGA:

uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid

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Acknowledgements

AGA acknowledges the support from the Polish KNOW (Leading National Research Centre) Scientific Consortium “Healthy Animal-Safe Food” of Ministry of Science and Higher Education (05-1/KNOW2/2015).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan

    Haroon Khan & Aini Pervaiz

  2. Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy

    Sebastiano Intagliata & Valeria Pittalà

  3. Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Mahavidyalaya, Tripura University, Udaipur, 799 114, Tripura, India

    Niranjan Das

  4. Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Tripura University, Belonia, 799 155, Tripura, India

    Niranjan Das

  5. Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Kalyan C. Nagulapalli Venkata

  6. Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland

    Atanas G. Atanasov & Dongdong Wang

  7. Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1010, Vienna, Austria

    Atanas G. Atanasov & Dongdong Wang

  8. Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Atanas G. Atanasov

  9. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Atanas G. Atanasov

  10. Quality Laboratory of Vegetable and Medicinal Materials, Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-033, Lublin, Poland

    Agnieszka Najda

  11. Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1435916471, Iran

    Seyed Mohammad Nabavi

  12. Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA

    Anupam Bishayee

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  1. Haroon Khan
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Khan, H., Pervaiz, A., Intagliata, S. et al. The analgesic potential of glycosides derived from medicinal plants. DARU J Pharm Sci 28, 387–401 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40199-019-00319-7

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