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Effects of co-culture of dental pulp stem cells and periodontal ligament stem cells on assembled dual disc scaffolds

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Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Aims and scope

Abstract

The study of cell-to-cell interaction in experimental co-culture systems is very important and relevant to the context of biomaterial scaffolds used for tissue regeneration. In this study, scaffolds, which allow direct and indirect cell-to-cell contact and separation of each cell type, were developed using one of the most utilized biopolymer, poly-D, L-lactide (PDLLA). The assembled scaffold had enough mechanical strength to withstand experiments and maintain its shape. It is separated easily into core and outer portion for further experiments, which could be conducted to examine the effects of co-culture. Co-culture with dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) increased proliferation of both cell types and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) mRNA expression in co-cultured PDLSCs. In immunohistochemical examination, dentin sialoprotein (DSP) expression in both cell types was up-regulated in co-culture compared to that of mono-culture. The longer the culture period, the more DSP expressions were up-regulated. Osteopontin (OPN) expression in both cell types was also up-regulated in co-culture. Co-culture of dental stem cells improved cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. This study demonstrates that biomimetic co-culture method for tooth tissue engineering may be potentially applied to study dental stem cell behavior in tooth regenerative medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

    Je-Duck Suh, Ki Taek Lim, Hexiu Jin & Pill-Hoon Choung

  2. Tooth Bioengineering National Research Laboratory of Post BK21, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

    Je-Duck Suh, Hexiu Jin & Pill-Hoon Choung

  3. Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Korea

    Ki Taek Lim, Jangho Kim & Jong Hoon Chung

  4. Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Korea

    Jong Hoon Chung

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  1. Je-Duck Suh
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Correspondence to Pill-Hoon Choung or Jong Hoon Chung.

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These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Suh, JD., Lim, K.T., Jin, H. et al. Effects of co-culture of dental pulp stem cells and periodontal ligament stem cells on assembled dual disc scaffolds. Tissue Eng Regen Med 11, 47–58 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-013-1109-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-013-1109-6

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