Riassunto
Il prelievo venoso rappresenta una procedura inevitabile per ottenere campioni biologici per l’esecuzione dei test di laboratorio. Malgrado la pratica della flebotomia sia sovente considerata semplice e scevra da complicazioni e complicanze, essa causa la maggior parte degli errori di laboratorio, determinando inaccuratezza dei risultati se eseguita con imperizia, negligenza e scarsa professionalità. Si è quindi ritenuto opportuno provvedere alla redazione di un documento nella forma semplificata di checklist, composta da un semplice ma esaustivo elenco di attività da svolgere o da verificare da parte del prelevatore, al fine di prevenire i principali errori di prelievo. Nell’intento dei redattori e delle Società italiane di Medicina di Laboratorio, questa sintetica checklist rappresenta uno strumento modulabile e potenzialmente adattabile ai differenti contesti locali, diffondibile in maniera facile e graduale, supportata da evidenze scientifiche e dal consenso di esperti, redatta con il contributo di professionisti di diversi contesti sanitari, aderente alle best practice e che richiede risorse minime per essere implementata. È ragionevole supporre che questo strumento sia in grado di sostenere sia i cambiamenti di sistema sia i cambiamenti dei comportamenti individuali, rafforzando gli standard per la sicurezza di operatori e pazienti, contrastando i possibili fattori di fallimento. Auspichiamo, inoltre, che la checklist possa essere adottata dalle strutture sanitarie in cui si renda necessaria la raccolta di campioni di sangue venoso, adattandola alle caratteristiche dell’organizzazione locale.
Summary
The collection of venous blood is essential to obtain biological samples for performance of laboratory testing. Although there is widespread perception that this practice is simple and free of complications and side effects, it is undeniable that the vast majority of laboratory errors arises from ignorance, incompetence or negligence during venipuncture. It has hence become advisable to edit a document in simplified form of checklist, consisting of a concise but comprehensive list of activities to complete or verify, in order to prevent the onset of errors during venous blood collection. In the intention of authors and of the Italian societies of laboratory medicine, this synthetic checklist is a modular tool, adaptable to different local contexts, it can be easily and gradually implemented, is supported by scientific evidence and consensus of experts, has been created with the support of different healthcare professionals, is adherent to the best practices and requires minimal resources for implementation. It is reasonable to assume that this checklist may be able to withstand system and individual changes, strengthening the standards for safety of both operators and patients, limiting potential failure patterns. We also hope that the checklist may be implemented in all healthcare facilities where routine venous blood collection is performed, after adaptation to suit characteristics of local organization.
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Lippi, G., Mattiuzzi, C., Banfi, G. et al. Proposta di una checklist per il prelievo di sangue venoso. Riv Ital Med Lab 9, 225–231 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13631-013-0033-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13631-013-0033-z