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Influence of calf presence during milking on yield, composition, fatty acid profile and lipolytic system of milk in Prim’Holstein and Salers cow breeds

Prim荷斯坦奶牛和Salers 奶牛泌乳期间牛犊的存在对奶的产量、组成、脂肪酸以及脂解作用的影响

  • Original Paper
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Dairy Science & Technology

Abstract

Milk fat content and its fatty acid (FA) profile are important components of both the milk nutritional and technological qualities. The present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of calf presence during milking and of cow breed on milk yield, gross composition, FA profile and milk lipolytic system. A total of 30 Prim’Holstein (PH) and Salers (S) primiparous lactating cows were milked in the presence or absence of their calves during 210 days of lactation and bulk milks were collected during 6 weeks in a restricted part of the whole experimental period for analyses. Calf presence increased milk yield and decreased the milk fat content in S cows, whereas no difference was observed for the PH cows. The PH milk had higher levels of short- and medium-chain FA and C18:2 n−6, whereas S milk had higher levels of C18:2 cis-9,trans-11 (conjugated linoleic acid, CLA), C18:3 n−3 and C20:5 n−3. The S milk also had higher initial lipolysis. Calf presence during milking increased the C16:0 percentage and decreased C18:0, C18:2 n−6, C18:3 n−3, total polyunsaturated FA percentages in milk fat. Calf presence decreased the milk trans-C18:1 level only in S cows. Cis-9,trans-11-CLA level increased in the calf presence in PH cows, whereas it decreased in S cows. Calf presence during milking increased milk lipolysis after 24 h only in the PH cows. Calf presence during milking had significant effects on the milk yield, gross and fine composition, and lipolysis but these effects differed according to the breed.

摘要

乳脂肪含量以及它的脂肪酸组成是衡量奶的营养特性和加工品质很重要的成分。目前的研究主要是评价不同品种奶牛在泌乳期间小牛犊的存在对产奶量、组成、脂肪酸组成以及脂解作用的影响。30头Prim 荷斯坦(PH)和Salers初产奶牛 (S)在210天的泌乳期间,牛犊在存在或不存在的情况下,对6个星期在限制的时间内采集的奶进行分析。对于S奶牛而言,牛犊的存在增加了产奶量,但是降低了乳脂肪的含量,然而对于PH奶牛而言,牛犊的存在对产奶量和脂肪含量影响不显著。PH奶牛乳中短链、中链脂肪酸和C18:2 n-6含量较高,然而S奶牛乳中共轭亚油酸(CLA),亚麻酸(C18:3 n-3) 和二十碳五稀酸(C20:5 n-3)含量较高。S奶牛乳中初始脂解度较高。泌乳期间牛犊的存在增加了乳脂肪中棕榈酸(C16:0)的含量,降低了硬脂酸(C18:0),亚油酸(C18:2 n-6),亚麻酸(C18:3 n-3)和总多不饱和脂肪酸的百分含量。牛犊的存在只降低了S奶牛乳中反式油酸(trans-C18:1)的含量。对于PH奶牛,牛犊的存在增加了Cis-9, trans-11-CLA的含量,然而,对于S奶牛,牛犊的存在却降低了Cis-9, trans-11-CLA的含量。对于PH奶牛,泌乳期间牛犊的存在增加了奶在24h的脂解作用。两个奶牛品种至少有一种奶牛在泌乳期间,牛犊的存在对奶的产量,组成和脂解作用有影响。

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the technical staff of UEMA for animal care, and J Agabriel (INRA) and B Faure (Groupe Salers Evolution) who managed the PSDR (Pour et Sur le Développement Régional) program 2007–2011 that supported this research and the European Social Fund—project 88/1.5/S/56949.

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Correspondence to Anne Ferlay.

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Cozma, A., Martin, B., Guiadeur, M. et al. Influence of calf presence during milking on yield, composition, fatty acid profile and lipolytic system of milk in Prim’Holstein and Salers cow breeds. Dairy Sci. & Technol. 93, 99–113 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13594-012-0094-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13594-012-0094-1

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