Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Crude Oil Yield and Properties of Rice Bran Oil from Different Varieties as Affected by Extraction Conditions Using Soxhterm Method

  • Research Article - Chemical Engineering
  • Published:
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The current study was employed to investigate the effect of solvent type, extraction time and bran ratio on the rice bran oil (RBO) properties from three varieties of rice bran namely Bario, lowland and upland rice. RBO was extracted by using soxtherm extraction method using methanol solvent at different extraction time (3, 4 and 5 h) and bran ratio (10, 20 and 30 g). Free fatty acid (FFA), total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant properties were assessed. Solvent that has low polarity exhibited the attraction of polar component of oil with the highest yield by ethanol (16.16%), followed by methanol (15.38%). FFA contents occurred higher in lowland types of rice bran in all types of solvents at \(P<0.05\) with ethanol (12.73%), methanol (11.96%) and hexane (11.13%), while the total phenolic content and antioxidant properties were influenced by the types of rice bran and solvents used for extracting components out of the bran. The highest phenolic content in the crude oil was extracted using ethanol in lowland (0.509 mg/ml), and the lowest was extracted by hexane in Bario (0.061 mg/ml). The highest antioxidant activity was observed in RBO extracted using methanol of lowland (73.74%) and RBO extracted using ethanol of upland (73.65%), while the lowest were observed in RBO extracted using hexane. The different types of solvent have the significant impact on the crude oil yield and properties of crude oil extracted.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Grist, D.H.: Rice, 5th edn. Longman, London (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Sauders, R.M.: The properties of rice bran as food stuff. Cereal Food World 35(7), 632–636 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Xu, Z.: Purification and antioxidant properties of rice bran (Gamma)-oryzanol components. LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 6642 (1998)

  4. Duvernay, W.H.; Assad, J.M.; Sabliov, C.M.; Lima, M.; Xu, Z.: Microwave extraction of antioxidant components from rice bran. J. Pharm. Eng. 25, 126–130 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Tabaraki, R.; Nateghi, A.: Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of natural antioxidants from rice bran using response surface methodology. Ultrason. Sonochem. 18(6), 1279–1286 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Amarasinghe, B.M.W.P.K.; Gangodavilage, N.C.: Rice bran oil extraction in Sri Lanka: Data for process equipment design. Food Bioprod. Process. 82, 54–59 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Nagendra Prasad, M.N.; Sanjay, K.R.; Shravya Khatokar, M.; Vismaya, M.N.; Nanjunda Swamy, S.: Health benefits of rice bran—a review. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 1, 1–7 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Nasir, S.; Fitriyanti, F.; Kamila, H.: Ekstraksi Dedak Padi menjadi Minyak mentah Dedak Padi (Crude Rice Bran Oil) Dengan Pelarut N-Hexane dan Ethanol. Jurnal Teknik Kimia. 16(2), 1–10 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Amarasinghe, B.M.W.P.K.; Kumarasiri, M.P.M.; Gangodavilage, N.C.: Effect of method of stabilization on aqueous extraction of rice bran oil. Food Bioprod. Process. 87, 108–114 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Kaufmann, B.; Christen, P.; Veuthey, J.L.: Study of factors influencing pressurized solvent extraction of polar steroids from plant material. Chromatographia 54(5–6), 394–398 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Mohd Daud, N.S.; Abang Zaidel, D.N.; Lai, K.S.; Muhamad, I.I.; Mohd Jusoh, Y.M.: Antioxidant properties of rice bran oil from different varieties extracted by solvent extraction methods. J. Teknol. 78(6–12), 107–110 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mohd Daud, N.S.; Abang Zaidel, D.N.; Lai, K.S.; Mohd Jusoh, Y.M.; Muhamad, I.I.; Ya’akob, H.: Microwave-assisted stabilisation and storage stability study of rice bran oil from different varieties. Chem. Eng. Trans. 56, 1285–1290 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Singleton, V.L.; Rossi, J.A.: Colorimetry of total phenolic with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagent. Am. J. Enol. Viticult. 16, 144–158 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Vorarat, S.; Managit, C.; Iamthanakul, L.; Soparat, W.; Kamkaen, N.: Examination of antioxidant activity and development of rice bran oil and gamma-oryzanol microemulsion. J. Health Res. 24(2), 67–72 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Proctor, A.; Jackson, V.M.; Scott, M.; Clark, P.K.: Rapid equilibrium extraction of rice bran oil at ambient-temperature. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 71(11), 1295–1296 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Mohd Daud, N.S.: Extraction of rice bran oil using soxtherm extraction method. MSc Thesis. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (2016)

  17. Schaneberg, B.T.; Khan, I.A.: Comparison of extraction methods for marker compounds in the essential oil of lemon grass by GC. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50(6), 1345–1349 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Capellini, M.C.; Giacomini, V.; Cuevas, M.S.; Rodrigues, C.E.C.: Rice bran oil extraction using alcoholic solvents: physicochemical characterization of oil and protein fraction functionality. Ind. Crops Prod. 104, 133–143 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Hamada, J.S.: Characterization of protein fractions of rice bran to devise effective methods of protein solubilization. J. Cereal Chem. 74(5), 662–668 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Imsanguan, P.; Roaysubtawee, A.; Borirak, R.; Pongamphai, S.; Douglas, S.; Douglas, P.L.: Extraction of alpha-tocopherol and gamma-oryzanol from rice bran. LWT. Food Sci. Technol. 41(8), 1417–1424 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Xu, Z.; Godber, J.S.: Comparison of supercritical fluid and solvent extraction methods in extracting-oryzanol from rice bran. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 77(5), 547–551 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Oliveira, R.; Oliveira, V.; Aracava, K.K.; da Costa Rodrigues, C.E.: Effects of the extraction conditions on the yield and composition of rice bran oil extracted with ethanol—a response surface approach. Food Bioprod. Process. 90, 22–31 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Theerakulkait, C.; Chaiseri, S.; Mongkolkanchanasiri, S.: Extraction and some functional properties of protein extract from rice bran. J. Natl. Sci. 40, 209–214 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hanmoungjai, P.; Pyle, L.; Niranjan, K.: Enzyme-assisted water-extraction of oil and protein from rice bran. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 77, 771–776 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Tao, J.; Rao, R.; Liuzzo, J.: Microwave heating for rice bran stabilization. J. Microw. Power Electromagn. Energy 28, 156–164 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Thanonkaew, A.; Wongyai, S.; McClements, D.J.; Decker, E.A.: Effect of stabilization of rice bran by domestic heating on mechanical extraction yield, quality, and antioxidant properties of cold-pressed rice bran oil (Oryza sativa L.). J. Food Sci. Technol. 48, 231–236 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Patil, S.S.; Kar, A.; Mohapatra, D.: Stabilization of rice bran using microwave: process optimization and storage studies. Food Bioprod. Process. 99, 204–211 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Gopala, A.G.; Hemakumar, K.H.; Khatoon, S.: Study of the composition of rice bran oil and its higher free fatty acids value. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 83(2), 117–120 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Bojan, S.G.; Duraijaj, S.K.: Producing biodiesel from high free fatty acid Jatropha Curcas by a two step method—an Indian case study. J. Sustain. Energy Environ. 3, 63–66 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Awika, J.M.; Rooney, L.W.; Wu, X.; Prior, R.L.; Zevallos, L.C.: Screening methods to measure antioxidant activity of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and sorghum products. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51, 6657–6662 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Zhou, K.; Yu, L.: Antioxidant activities of bran extracts from “Trego” wheat grown at different locations. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52, 1112–1117 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Iqbal, S.; Bhanger, M.I.; Anwar, F.: Antioxidant properties and components of some commercially available varieties of rice bran in Pakistan. Food Chem. 93(2), 265–272 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Huda-Faujan, N.; Noriham, A.; Norrakiah, A.S.; Babji, A.S.: Antioxidative activities of water extracts of some Malaysian herbs. ASEAN Food J. 14(1), 61–68 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Nam, S.H.; Choi, S.P.; Kang, M.Y.; Kozukue, N.; Friedman, M.: Antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activities of rice bran extracts in chemical and cell assay. J. Agri. Food Chem. 53, 816–822 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Authors acknowledge Agro Biotechnology Institute, Serdang for facilities and laboratory instrument and Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia for the equipment and supports. This work was supported by Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (Fundamental Research Grant No. R.J130000.7844.4F447) and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Research University Grants No. Q.J130000.2546.14H06 and Q.J130000.2546.16H78).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food and Biomaterial Engineering Research Group, Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Nurul Shafinas Mohd Daud, Dayang Norulfairuz Abang Zaidel, Yanti Maslina Mohd Jusoh & Ida Idayu Muhamad

  2. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Kok Song Lai

  3. Department of Basic Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, 97008, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia

    Nozieana Khairuddin

  4. IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Ida Idayu Muhamad

Authors
  1. Nurul Shafinas Mohd Daud
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dayang Norulfairuz Abang Zaidel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kok Song Lai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Nozieana Khairuddin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yanti Maslina Mohd Jusoh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ida Idayu Muhamad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dayang Norulfairuz Abang Zaidel.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Daud, N.S.M., Zaidel, D.N.A., Lai, K.S. et al. Crude Oil Yield and Properties of Rice Bran Oil from Different Varieties as Affected by Extraction Conditions Using Soxhterm Method. Arab J Sci Eng 43, 6237–6244 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3438-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3438-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation