Abstract
Combination therapy that uses multiple drugs against different molecular targets should be considered as interesting alternatives for treating complex diseases such as glioblastoma (GBM). Drugs like alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHC) and the monoclonal antibody cetuximab (CTX) are already explored for their capacity to act against different hallmarks of cancer. Previous reports suggest that the simultaneous use of these drugs, as a novel combining approach, might result in additive or synergistic effects. Therefore, advances in nanotechnology-based delivery systems will inevitably bring nano-mediated therapeutic gains to the proposed combination since they enable the association of different drugs into a single carrier. The current study provides indications that the new dual therapeutic strategy proposed, in association with nanotechnology, provides significative improvements when compared to the use of isolated drugs. Nanotechnological tools were employed by developing polymeric nanoparticles based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and chitosan for CHC encapsulation. Furthermore, these structures were conjugated with CTX by supramolecular forces. In summary, the encapsulation of the CHC drug into the nanoparticles increased its individual therapeutic capacity. In addition, conjugation with CTX seemed to enhance therapeutic efficacy, especially for U251 GBM cells. In conclusion, developed nanostructured delivery systems exhibited a set of favorable attributes and potential to be applied as a promising new alternative for GBM treatment.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the National Institute of Science and Technology in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology: a transdisciplinary approach INCT-NANOFARMA, which is supported by the “Fundação de Amparo e Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo” (FAPESP, Brazil), grant no. 2014/50928-2, and by “Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico” (CNPq, Brazil), grant no. 465687/2014-8.
Funding
This work was financially supported by Fundação de Amparo e Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), grant nos. 2017/16324-0, 2016/09671-3, and 2018/04546-1. SG received a fellowship from FCT, ref. SFRH/BPD/117858/2016. This work was also developed under the scope of the project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013, supported by the Northern Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020) under the Portugal Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), and through the Competitiveness Factors Operational Programme (COMPETE) and by National funds, through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007038.
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Conceptualization, methodology, and data acquisition: N.N.F.; S.G.; F.I.B.; L.M.B.F.; resources: M.P.D.G.; F.B.; R.M.R.; data curation: all authors; writing of original draft: N.N.F; writing-review and editing: all authors; supervision: M.P.D.G.; F.B.; R.M.R.; project administration and funding acquisition: N.N.F; M.P.D.G.; F.B.; R.M.R.; data analysis and scientific discussion: all authors
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Ferreira, N.N., Granja, S., Boni, F.I. et al. A novel strategy for glioblastoma treatment combining alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid with cetuximab using nanotechnology-based delivery systems. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 10, 594–609 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-020-00713-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-020-00713-8