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Genomic features of first bovine astrovirus detected in Egypt

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Abstract

Bovine astrovirus (BAstV) is a small single-stranded RNA virus, which belongs taxonomically to genus Mamastrovirus under the family Astroviridae. The BAstV is strongly linked to neonatal diarrhea of calves. A few studies are available on BAstV, mainly from Asia, and to a lesser extent from Europe, South America, and Africa. There is only one report from Egypt, in which BAstV was found in diarrheic calves, either in single- or co-infections, based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and BAstV-polymerase enzyme targeting primers. One of the samples was further subjected to genomic characterization using Illumina platform for next generation sequencing (NGS). After being processed, the returned BAstV complete genome was subjected to sequence and phylogenetic analysis in comparison to reference strains. The BAstV open reading frames (ORF1a, ORF1b, and ORF2) followed a nearly similar genetic topology, as they belonged to the same unclassified lineage, which was earlier proposed as BAstV-lineage 1, and is known to be disseminated worldwide. This close phylogenetic relationship between the study strain and other members of this lineage was further confirmed by high nucleotide and amino acid (aa) identities. Additionally, a total of 24 unique aa residues were found through the entire BAstV genome. As being the first report in Egypt, indeed Africa, we believe that this record shall be useful in either taxonomic classification or epidemiological tracking of BAstV. The status of BAstV in Egypt should be carefully investigated with possible to-be-implemented precautions for the protection of animal-raising industries.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Hany Abdalla (Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt) for help in collection of samples and historical data. We are also grateful for the assistance of Todd P. Knutson (Supercomputing Institute for Advanced Computational Research, University of Minnesota) in the bioinformatics analysis.

Funding

Fakry F. Mohamed received a visiting grant to the University of Minnesota from Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MHESR) in Egypt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Sharkia, Egypt

    Shimaa M. G. Mansour, Fakry F. Mohamed & Fatma M. Abdallah

  2. Department of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA

    Fakry F. Mohamed, Sunil K. Mor & Sagar M. Goyal

  3. Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Sharkia, Egypt

    Iman E. El-Araby

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  1. Shimaa M. G. Mansour
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Correspondence to Fakry F. Mohamed or Sagar M. Goyal.

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13337_2021_668_MOESM1_ESM.png

Fig. S1 A: The neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree, based on BAstV-ORF1b (A), and BAstV-ORF2 (B) showing the relatedness between BAstV strain (Egy-1; black circle) and reference ones from different countries. A 1000 replicating bootstrap was implied using the P-distance statistics at uniform rates and values > 70% are indicated on the branches. BAstV (Bovine), PAstV (porcine), DcAstV (dromedary camel), OAstV (ovine), FAstV (feline), CAstV (canine), BufAstV (buffalo), HAstV (human) astroviruses while CH13 and CH15 are neuro astroviruses of bovine. L means lineage and MAstV means Mamastrovirus. BSRI-1was retrieved from the respiratory tract of bovine (non-fecal origin) (PNG 129 kb)

Fig. S1 B (PNG 207 kb)

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Mansour, S.M.G., Mohamed, F.F., Abdallah, F.M. et al. Genomic features of first bovine astrovirus detected in Egypt. VirusDis. 32, 601–607 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-021-00668-5

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