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Estimated Deficits in Nutrient Intake of ICDS Beneficiaries Who Receive Take Home Ration at Two Districts in Karnataka

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Abstract

Background

The current estimates of energy and protein to bridge nutrient gap in the beneficiaries of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) supplementary nutrition program use sub-optimal methodology for deficit calculation.

Objective

To estimate the nutrient deficit and the risk of inadequate nutrient intake in beneficiaries of the ICDS, aged 6-36 months, using individual 24-hour diet recalls, from districts of Chitradurga and Davanagere in Karnataka.

Study design

Cross-sectional design.

Participants

Children (aged 6 to 36 months) registered as beneficiaries of the ICDS in these districts.

Methods

Data were collected on socio-demographic factors, child feeding patterns, perception and usage of take home ration (THR), between August to October, 2019. Three non-consecutive days’ 24-hour diet recall data of children were obtained from mothers, and anthropometric measurements were taken. The proportion of children at risk of inadequate nutrient intakes was estimated using the probability approach. Assuming that 50% of a healthy population will be at risk of nutrient inadequacy such that intake and requirement distributions overlap, the proportion at actual risk of nutrient inadequacy (≥50%) was calculated.

Results

A combined district analysis showed a median energy deficit of 109 kcal and 161 kcal in children belonging to the age groups of 6-12 month and 13-36 month, respectively. The actual risk of inadequate intake for both age groups ranged between 12- 47% for fat and other micronutrient (iron, calcium, zinc, folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin A), despite breastfeeding, complementary feeding and reported THR use.

Conclusion

Children who receive supplementary nutrition as part of the national program fail to meet their nutrient requirements that are essential for growth and development. The study results may help in strengthening the IYCF counselling and in modification of the existing THR, with quality and cost implications.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nutrition, St. John’s Research Institute, St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Vaishnavi Chevvu, Chaitra A. Kilpady, Akshata A. Kamath, Arun Das & Nirupama Shivakumar

  2. 2Department of Biostatistics, St. John’s Medical College, St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Smitha Joseph & Tinku Thomas

  3. Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Epidemiology, Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, India

    Harshpal Singh Sachdev

  4. JJM Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka, India

    Chandrashekar R. Banapurmath

  5. Department of Physiology and Division of Nutrition, St. John’s Medical College, St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Anura V. Kurpad

Authors
  1. Vaishnavi Chevvu
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  2. Chaitra A. Kilpady
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  3. Akshata A. Kamath
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  4. Smitha Joseph
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  5. Arun Das
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  6. Harshpal Singh Sachdev
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  7. Chandrashekar R. Banapurmath
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  8. Tinku Thomas
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  9. Anura V. Kurpad
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  10. Nirupama Shivakumar
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nirupama Shivakumar.

Additional information

Funding: Tata Trusts (TINI/MIYCN-MH/0289/SJRI/2018-19/01/GR/ss)

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Chevvu, V., Kilpady, C.A., Kamath, A.A. et al. Estimated Deficits in Nutrient Intake of ICDS Beneficiaries Who Receive Take Home Ration at Two Districts in Karnataka. Indian Pediatr 59, 524–530 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-022-2553-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-022-2553-y

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