Abstract
This research paper investigates the variability in seed oil content (SOC) in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under terminal heat stress (THS) conditions. A genetic stock of 488 genotypes of B. juncea was evaluated over two years and grouped into five classes based on the reduction in oil content under THS compared to normal sown crop. Based on heat susceptibility index (HSI), a diverse panel of 96 genotypes was selected and evaluated under THS. Twenty-two heat-tolerant donor genotypes were identified, including introgression lines derived from B. tournefortii, B. carinata and Erucastrum cardaminoides. This study is the first to report on marker–trait associations for SOC in B. juncea under THS using a GWAS approach. Furthermore, candidate genes associated with abiotic stress tolerance and lipid metabolism were identified near the significant SNPs, emphasizing their role in SOC regulation under stress. Notable candidate genes include BjuA003240 (encoding for alcohol-forming fatty acyl-CoA reductase), BjuA003242 (involving in lipid biosynthesis), BjuA003244 (associated with mitochondrial functions and stress tolerance), and BjuA003245 (related to MYB transcription factors regulating lipid biosynthesis). This study provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of SOC variation under THS in B. juncea, highlighting potential breeding targets for improved heat stress resilience in Indian mustard cultivation.
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Acknowledgements
The Indian mustard germplasm, used in this study, was collected/developed and maintained by ICAR National Professor Dr. SS Banga. The authors duly acknowledge the receipt of germplasm.
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SKS conceived and designed research. LP and JK conducted experiments. LP and DB analysed data. LP and SKS wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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13205_2024_3985_MOESM1_ESM.tif
Supplementary file1: Fig. S1 SNP density plot chromosome wise representing number of SNPs within 1 Mb window size. *Chromosome 1 to 10 represents “A” genome mentioned as A01 to A10 and chromosome 11 to 18 represents “B” genome mentioned as B01 to B08 in manuscript (TIF 4563 KB)
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Supplementary file2: Fig. S2 Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay plot. Linkage disequilibrium, measured as r2, between pairs of polymorphic marker loci is plotted against the physical distance (Kbp) (TIF 88 KB)
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Supplementary file3: Fig. S3 2D plot of first two Principal Components (PCs). Red, green and yellow dots represent the distinct clusters of genotypes. Figure in parenthesis represents the explained variation by that PC (TIF 229 KB)
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Pal, L., Sandhu, S.K., Kaur, J. et al. Deciphering variations, identification of marker–trait associations and candidate genes for seed oil content under terminal heat stress in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss) germplasm stock. 3 Biotech 14, 140 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-024-03985-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-024-03985-w