Abstract
In recent years, rapid detection methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) have been continuously developed to improve the detection of food-borne pathogens in food samples. The recent developments of PCR and qPCR in the detection and identification of these food-borne pathogens are described and elaborated throughout this review. Specifically, further developments and improvements of qPCR are discussed in detecting Salmonella and norovirus. Promising advances in these molecular detection methods have been widely used to prevent human food-borne illnesses and death caused by the food-borne pathogens. In addition, this review presents the limitations and challenges of the detection methods which include conventional culture method and conventional PCR method in detecting Salmonella and norovirus. Furthermore, several advances of qPCR such as viability PCR (vPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) have been discussed in the detection of Salmonella and norovirus. Good practice of analysis of the food-borne pathogens and other contaminants in the food industry as well as the advancement of molecular detection methods will help improve and ensure food safety and food quality.
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Abbreviations
- ATP:
-
Adenosine triphosphate
- PCR:
-
Polymerisation chain reaction
- qPCR:
-
Quantitative real-time polymerisation chain reaction
- vPCR:
-
Viability polymerisation chain reaction
- dPCR:
-
Digital polymerisation chain reaction
- NoV:
-
Norovirus
- rt-PCR:
-
Real-time polymerisation chain reaction
- ssRNA:
-
Single-stranded ribonucleic acid
- VPg:
-
Viral protein genome-linked
- ORF:
-
Open reading frame
- BPW:
-
Buffered peptone water
- LB:
-
Lactose broth
- EIA:
-
Enzyme immunoassay
- dsDNA:
-
Double-stranded deoxynucleic acid
- ssDNA:
-
Single-stranded ribonucleic acid
- dNTP:
-
Deoxynucleoside triphosphate
- RT-PCR:
-
Reverse transcriptase polymerisation
- cDNA:
-
Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid
- LOD:
-
Limit of detection
- Tm:
-
Melting temperature
- FRET:
-
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- IMS:
-
Immunomagnetic separation
- PMA:
-
Propidium monoazide
- EMA:
-
Ethidium monoazide bromide
- HBGA:
-
Histo-blood group antigens
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The author is grateful to Universiti Brunei Darussalam and the Ministry of Education for supporting and funding this research.
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This research was funded by the Ministry of Education under Brunei Darussalam Government Scholarship.
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Chin, N.A., Salihah, N.T., Shivanand, P. et al. Recent trends and developments of PCR-based methods for the detection of food-borne Salmonella bacteria and Norovirus. J Food Sci Technol 59, 4570–4582 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-021-05280-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-021-05280-5