Abstract
Adulteration in food stuff has been regarded as a major social evil and is a mind-boggling problem in society. In this study, a rapid, reliable and cost effective High Performance thin layer Chromatography (HPTLC) has been established for the estimation of oxytocin (adulterant) in vegetables, fruits and milk samples. Oxytocin is one of the most frequently used adulterant added in vegetables and fruits for increasing the growth rate and also to enhance milk production from lactating animals. The standardization of the method was based on simulation parameters of mobile phase, stationary phase and saturation time. The mobile phase used was MeOH: Ammonia (pH 6.8), optimized stationary phase was silica gel and saturation time of 5 min. The method was validated by testing its linearity, accuracy, precision, repeatability and limits of detection and quantification. Thus, the proposed method is simple, rapid and specific and was successfully employed for quality and quantity monitoring of oxytocin content in edible products.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Attia MS, Bakir E, Abdel-mottaleb MSA (2011) Determination of melamine in different milk batches using a novel chemosensor based on the luminescence quenching of Ru(II) carbonyl complex. Talanta 84:27–33
Ballou LU, Bleck JL, Bleck GT, Bremel RD (1993) The effects of daily oxytocin injections before and after milking on milk production, milk plasmin and milk composition. J Dairy Sci 76:1544–1549
Graf GC (1969) Ejection of milk in relation to levels of oxytocin injected intramuscularly. J Dairy Sci 52:1003–1007
Graf GC (1970) Ejection of milk in relation to oxytocin injected intravenously. J Dairy Sci 53:1283–1285
ICH (1999) Specifications: Test procedures and acceptance criteria for new drug substances and new drug products: Chemical substances. International Conference on Harmonization, IFPMA, Geneva
Ijaz A, Aleem M (2006) Exogenous Administration of oxytocin and its residual effects. Pak Vet J 26(2):99–100
Jamal A, Kalantari R (2004) High and low dose oxytocin in augmentation of labor. Int J Gynecol Obstet 87(1):6–8
Kavitha MP, Kumar KS (2010) RP- HPLC method development and validation for the estimation of oxytocin in milk. Int J Chem Tech Res 2(2):1340–1343
Lollivier V, Flament JG, Bousquent MO, Marnet PG (2002) Oxytocin and milk removal: two important sources of variation in milk production and milk quality during and between milkings. Reprod Nutr Dev 42:173–186
Lou T, Wang Y, Li J, Peng H, Chen L (2011) Rapid detection of melamine with 4-mercaptopyridine-modified gold nanoparticles by surface enhanced Raman Scattering. Anal Bioanal Chem 401:333–338
Lundegardh B, Uvnas-Moberg K (2006) Use of a substance with oxytocin activity in order to stimulate plant growth US patent Application 20060052248 Filed on June 19, 2002. Published on March 9, 2006 http://www.patentstorm.us/applications/20060052248/description.html
MacDonald E, Dadds MR, Brennan JL, Williams K, Levy F, Cauchi AJ (2011) A review of safety, side effects and subjective reactions to intranasal oxytocin in human research. Psychoneuroendocrinology 36:1114–1126
Malve R, Katkar H, Daundkar B, Malve M (2008) Thin layer chromatographic technique for detection and identification of Endosulphan insecticide with m-Dinitrobenzene reagent. J Planar Chromat 21(3):197–198
Nostrand SD, Galton DM, Erb HN, Bauman DE (1991) Effects of daily exogenous oxytocin on lactation milk yield and composition. J Dairy Sci 74:2119–2127
Prasad FM, Sharma S (2010) Accumulation of lead and cadmium in soil and vegetable crops along major highways in Agra (India). Eur J Chem 7(4):1174–1183
Renny EF, Daniel DK, Krastanov AI, Zachariah CA (2005) Enzyme based sensor for detection of Urea in milk. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip 19(2):198–201
Satpathy G, Tyagi YK, Gupta RK (2011) Validation of LC-MS/MS Electrospray ionization method for estimation of oxytocin in fruits and vegetables; surveillance of residues of oxytocin in five different commodities. EJEAFChe 10(8):2722–2734
Sharma RK, Agrawal M, Marshall FM (2009) Heavy metals in vegetables collected from production and market sites of a tropical urban area of India. Food Chem Toxicol 47:583–591
Siddiqui PI (2009) Veggies on steroids are softly killing you. Article published in The Times of India June 30 http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-06-30/lucknow/28209608_1_oxytocin-hormone-vegetables
Srivastava MM (ed) (2011) Fundamentals and theory of HPTLC-Based Seperation. High performance thin layer chromatography, 1st edn. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, London, pp 5–15
Trivedi D (2010) Minister warns about oxytocin in vegetables. Indian Express http://www.indianexpress.com/news/Minister-warns-about-oxytocin-invegetables/652693 July 28
Variyar PS, Chatterjee S, Sharma A (2011) Fundamentals and theory of HPTLC-based seperation. In: Srivastava MM (ed) High performance thin layer chromatography, 1st edn. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, London, pp 31–32
Vial J, Jardi A (2005) Quantitation by standard addition. In: Cazes J (ed) Encyclopedia of chromatography, 2nd edn. Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, pp 1406–1407
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. V. G. Das, Director, Prof. L. D. Khemani, Head, Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra. Roopa Rani, one of the authors, is thankful to University Grant Commission, New Delhi for rendering financial assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rani, R., Medhe, S., Raj, K.R. et al. Standardization of HPTLC method for the estimation of oxytocin in edibles. J Food Sci Technol 50, 1222–1227 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-013-1036-5
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-013-1036-5