Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Quit Smoking for Life—Social Marketing Strategy for Youth: A Case for Pakistan

  • Published:
Journal of Cancer Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Smoking is the single most avoidable risk factor for cancers. Majority of smokers know about this fact but it is difficult for them to give it up mainly in the face of widespread smoking advertisements by the tobacco industries. To reduce the prevalence of smoking and its associated cancers, immediate actions are required by public health authorities. Social marketing is an effective strategy to promote healthy attitudes and influence people to make real, sustained health behavior change by transiting through different stages which include precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. Social marketing can influence smokers to voluntarily accept, reject, modify, or abandon their smoking behavior. In Pakistan, the smoking prevalence has been increasing, necessitating effective measures. The trend of its usage has been going upwards and, according to the World Health Organization, in Pakistan, the usage of cigarette smoking is increased by 30% compared to 1998 figures. The Pakistan Pediatrics Association has estimated 1,000 to 1,200 school-going children between the ages of 6 and 16 years take up smoking every day. In Pakistan, ex-smokers in the low socioeconomic group reported spending 25% of the total household income on this habit. This paper focuses on the antismoking social marketing strategy in Pakistan with an aim to reduce smoking prevalence, especially among the youth.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. World Health Organization EMRO. Tobacco free initiative. Facts. Available at http://www.emro.who.int/tfi/facts.htm. Accessed 10 July 2008

  2. World Health Organization. Smoking statistics: fact sheets: World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific. Available at http://www.wpro.who.int/media_centre/fact_sheets/fs_20020528.htm. Accessed 24 July 2008

  3. World Health Organization. Cancer. Fact sheet 297. Available at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297. Accessed 1 February 2009

  4. World Health Organization (2002) World Health report 2002: reducing risk, promoting healthy life. WHO, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  5. World Health Organization. Tobacco free initiative: why is tobacco a public health priority? World Health Organization. Available at http://www.who.int/tobacco/health_priority/en/index.html. Accessed 27 May 2007

  6. Gong YL, Koplan JP, Feng W et al (1995) Cigarette smoking in China. Prevalence, characteristics and attitude in Minhang District. JAMA 274:1232–1234

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Efroymson D, Ahmed S, Townsend J et al (2001) Hungry for tobacco: an analysis of the economic impact of tobacco consumption on the poor in Bangladesh. Tob Control 10:212–217

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Shah SM, Arif AA, Delclow GL et al (2001) Prevalence and correlates of smoking on the roof of the world. Tob Control 10:42

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Smoking prevalence in Pakistan 2000. Available at: http://www.telmedpak.com/ngos.asp?a=tobacco3. Accessed 9 May 2007

  10. Khuwaja AK, Kadir MM (2004) Smoking among adult males in an urban community of Karachi, Pakistan. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 35:999–1004

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Yes Pakistan (2002) Start an anti-tobacco campaign in Pakistan. Human Development Foundation, Schaumburg

    Google Scholar 

  12. Merchant AT, Luby SP, Parveen G (1998) Smoking among males in a low-socioeconomic area of Karachi. J Pak Med Assoc 48:62–63

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Kotler P (2002) Social marketing: improving the quality of life. Sage, Thousand Oaks

    Google Scholar 

  14. Andreasen A (1995) Marketing social change—changing behavior to promote health, social development, and the environment. Jossey Bass, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  15. Solomon DS (1989) A Social marketing perspective on communication campaigns. In: Rice R, Atkin C (eds) Public communication campaigns, 2nd edn. Sage, Newbury Park

    Google Scholar 

  16. Vera da Costa e Silva (2003) Policy recommendations for smoking cessation and treatment of tobacco dependence. World Health Organization, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ali NS, Khuwaja AK, Ali T, Hameed R (2009) Smokeless tobacco use among adult patients who visited family practice clinics in Karachi, Pakistan. J Oral Pathol Med 38(5):416–421

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Flynn BS, Worden JK, Secker-Walker RH et al (1992) Prevention of cigarette smoking through mass media intervention and school programs. Am J Public Health 82:827–834

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. James HM (1997) Social marketing: theoretical & practical perspectives. Social advertising and tobacco demand reduction in Canada

  20. Pechmann C, Dixon P, Layne N (1998) An assessment of US and Canadian smoking reduction objectives for the year 2000. Am J Public Health 88:1362–1367

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. SMI (2000) Success stories: Florida “truth” campaign. Available at http://www.social-marketing.org/success/cs-floridatruth.html. Accessed 1 February 2009

  22. World Health Organization (2005) WHO member states take action in the fight against tobacco use. Proceedings of the 56th Session of the WHO Regional Committee for the Western Pacific, September 2005, World Health Organization

  23. Jha P (1999) Curbing the epidemic: governments and the economics of tobacco control. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  24. Husain S, Shaikh BT (2005) Stalling HIV through social marketing: prospects in Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc 55:294–298

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Meischke H (2000) Social marketing theory. Available at http://depts.washington.edu/obesity/DocReview/Hendrika/basedoc.html. Accessed 20 May 2007

  26. Barker R (2003) Issue brief: social marketing campaigns. Missouri Foundation for Health, St. Louis

    Google Scholar 

  27. Prochaska JO, Velicer WF (1997) The transtheoretical model of health behavior change. Am J Health Promot 12:38–48

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Jeannine C, Carol AB, Henderson JN (2001) Social marketing in social and behavioral foundations of public health. Sage, Thousand Oaks, pp 222–225

    Google Scholar 

  29. Mazahir S, Nusrat R, Bokutz M et al (2008) Pakistani urban population demonstrate a poor knowledge about cancer: a pilot survey. J Cancer Educ 23:264–266

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Population Services International (2007) Social marketing helps eliminate iodine deficiency in Pakistan. Available at http://www.psi.org/resources/pubs/salt.html. Accessed 2 July 2009

  31. Greenstar Social Marketing (2006) Product profile: hormonal contraceptives. Available at http://www.greenstar.org.pk/product-profile.htm. Accessed 2 July 2009

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ali Khan Khuwaja.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Khowaja, L.A., Khuwaja, A.K., Nayani, P. et al. Quit Smoking for Life—Social Marketing Strategy for Youth: A Case for Pakistan. J Canc Educ 25, 637–642 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-010-0088-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-010-0088-8

Keywords

Navigation