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Quantification of transient behavior of wind-driven surface droplet/rivulet flows using a digital fringe projection technique

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Abstract

A digital fringe projection (DFP) system is developed to achieve non-intrusive thickness measurements of wind-driven water droplet/rivulet flows over a test plate to quantify the unsteady surface water transport process pertinent to various atmospheric icing phenomena. The DFP technique is based on the principle of structured light triangulation in a similar manner as a stereo vision system but replacing one of the cameras for stereo imaging with a digital projector. The digital projector projects line patterns of known characteristics onto the test specimen (i.e., a water droplet/rivulet on a test plate for the present study). The pattern of the lines is modulated from the surface of the test object. By comparing the modulated pattern and a reference image, the 3D profile of the test object with respect to the reference plane (i.e., the thickness distribution of the water droplet/rivulet flow) can be retrieved quantitatively and instantaneously. The feasibility and implementation of the DFP system is first demonstrated by measuring the thickness distribution of a small flat-top pyramid over a test plate to evaluate the measurement accuracy level of the DFP system. After carefully calibrated and validated, the DFP system is applied to achieve time-resolved thickness distribution measurements of a water droplet/rivulet to quantify the transient behavior of a water droplet/rivulet flow driven by a boundary layer air flow over a test plate. The dynamic shape changes and stumbling runback motion of the wind-driven water droplet/rivulet flow were measured in real time in terms of film thickness distribution, contact line moving velocity, wet surface area and droplet evaporation rate.

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Acknowledgments

The research work is partially supported by National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA)—Grant number NNX12AC21A with Mr. Mark Potapczuk as the technical officer and Iowa Space Grant Consortium (ISGC) Base Program for Aircraft Icing Studies with Dr. Charisse Buising as the Director. The support of National Science Foundation (NSF) under award numbers of CBET-1064196 and CBET-1435590 is also gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aerospace Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA

    Hui Hu, Bing Wang & Kai Zhang

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA

    William Lohry & Song Zhang

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  1. Hui Hu
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  2. Bing Wang
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  3. Kai Zhang
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  4. William Lohry
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  5. Song Zhang
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Correspondence to Hui Hu.

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Hu, H., Wang, B., Zhang, K. et al. Quantification of transient behavior of wind-driven surface droplet/rivulet flows using a digital fringe projection technique. J Vis 18, 705–718 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-014-0264-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-014-0264-8

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