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Characterization and Integrated Process of Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Corn Straw

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Abstract

The chemical pretreatment of biomass has been integrated with enzyme production through the recycling of aqueous fractions. Alkaline/H2O2 delignification of corn straw (CS) was performed to obtain a 75.1% w/w cellulose solid fraction and to dissolve 93.4 and 83.5%, of the original lignin and hemicelluloses, respectively. Next, a Pleurotus cystidiosus native strain was left to grow for 120 h in the resulting liquid fraction. After filtering the cells, the liquid medium was used alone or combined with the commercial enzyme. To reduce chemical and water usage, the liquid fraction from pretreatment was recycled to perform another treatment; the pH, CS, and H2O2 were adjusted. A process integrated with P. cystidiosus was grown again and enzymatic hydrolysis was realized. Samples of every liquid fraction from the fungal growing medium were analyzed to determine the chemical oxygen demand (OCD), glucose (Glu), xylose (Xyl), and total reducing sugars (RS). Separately, to obtain valuable polymers from this integration process, solid hemicellulose and lignin were isolated from the remaining liquid fractions through pH variation. The composition of the samples was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical stereoscopic microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and was compared with commercial homologs. The maximum conversion of cellulose to glucose by the obtained liquid fraction of the fungal medium was 61.3 ± 0.9% of the theoretical conversion yield of the commercial enzyme. Similarly, the conversion of hemicelluloses to xylose was 69.5 ± 1.5%. Finally, in this work, an integrated platform for cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, enzymatic extract and sugars production, which also significantly reduces water consumption, was proposed.

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Abbreviations

CS:

Corn straw

PCS:

Pretreated corn straw

FCS:

Liquid fractions from PCS

RFCS:

Recycled FCS

MycFCS:

Filtrates of cultures from FCS + mycelium

MycRFCS:

Filtrates of cultures from RFCS + mycelium

SSD:

Significant statistical difference

STD:

Standard deviation

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Hector Arturo Ruiz Leza (Autonomous University of Coahuila), Dr. Alfredo Martinez Jímenez (National Autonomous University of Mexico), Dr. Agustín Castro Montoya (University of Michoacán of San Nicolás de Hidalgo), the Thematic Network of Bioenergy (CONACYT Project) and FINNOVATEG CFINN0186 (SICES Project). To the Directorate for Research Support and Postgraduate Programs at the University of Guanajuato for their support in the translation and editing of the English-language version of this article.

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The funding was provided by RED TEMATICA DE BIOENERGIA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. División de Ingenierías, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Juárez No. 77, Col. Centro, 36000, Guanajuato, GTO, Mexico

    Alma Hortensia Serafín Muñoz, Norma Leticia Gutierrez Ortega & Julio Cesar Leal Vaca

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito 1, Nuevo Campus Universitario, 31125, Chihuahua, CHIH, Mexico

    Carlos Eduardo Molina Guerrero

  3. División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Col. Noria Alta SN, 36080, Guanajuato, GTO, Mexico

    Aurelio Alvarez Vargas & Carmen Cano Canchola

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Serafín Muñoz, A.H., Molina Guerrero, C.E., Gutierrez Ortega, N.L. et al. Characterization and Integrated Process of Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Corn Straw. Waste Biomass Valor 10, 1857–1871 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0218-9

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