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Silicon Nanoparticles Moderated Morphometric Deficiencies by Improving Micro-Morpho-Structural Traits in Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anderson

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Abstract

Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anderson (Acanthaceae) is an ornamental shrub. Viable seeds are not produced due to genetic incompatibility constraining propagation. An in vitro culture method is developed for the production of plants for the species. Surface-sterilized explants exhibited bud breaking on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium + 2.0 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Multiple shoots (6.0 shoots/node, each measuring 3.6 cm average length) differentiated in 4 weeks of culture. Maximum (7.2 shoots/explants; each with 4.0 cm length) amplification occurred on MS medium + 1.0 mg L−1 BAP and 0.25 mg L−1 indole-3 acetic acid (IAA). Microscopic studies of foliage/leaves revealed abnormalities in stomata, trichomes, and rudimentary tissue systems on this medium. The incorporation of 2.0 mg L−1 Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) in the culture medium doubled the rate of shoot amplification and allowed the development of promoted leaves with well-differentiated tissue systems and functional stomatal complexes. About 98.0% of shoots produce on SiNPs-supplemented medium rooted (7.0 roots per shoot each with 4.9 cm average length) with multiple lateral roots when pulse treated with α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and transferred to soilrite® substrate in the greenhouse. The in vitro-produced plants were hardened and acclimatized on a substrate mixture of soilrite® and garden soil (1:1 w/w). We suggest the use of Silicon nanoparticles in the culture medium for rapid clonal propagation.

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Funding

The work was financially supported by the Researchers Supporting Project (Number RSP-2023R86), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Biotechnology Unit, Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Puducherry, 605 008, India

    M. Manokari, M. Cokul Raj & Mahipal S. Shekhawat

  2. Department of Botany, Siddha Clinical Research Unit, Central Council for Research in Siddha, Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu, 627 002, India

    M. Manokari

  3. Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, College Street, Kolkata, 700 073, India

    Abhijit Dey

  4. Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Faisal & Abdulrahman A. Alatar

  5. Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal

    Rupesh Kumar Singh

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Contributions

Manokari M, Mahipal S Shekhawat, Mohammad Faisal, Abdulrahman A. Alatar, and Abijit Dey: Conceptualization, investigation, methodology. Cokul Raj M: Data compilation, genetic fidelity analysis, and hardening of the plants. Mahipal S Shekhawat, Manokari M, Mohammad Faisal, Rupesh Kumar Singh, and Abdulrahman A. Alatar: Writing of original draft, statistics, and revision of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mahipal S. Shekhawat.

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Manokari, M., Cokul Raj, M., Dey, A. et al. Silicon Nanoparticles Moderated Morphometric Deficiencies by Improving Micro-Morpho-Structural Traits in Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anderson. Silicon 15, 5415–5427 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-023-02451-1

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