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Effects of Potential Probiotic Strains on the Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites of d-Galactose-Induced Aging Rats Fed with High-Fat Diet

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Abstract

Both aging and diet play an important role in influencing the gut ecosystem. Using premature senescent rats induced by d-galactose and fed with high-fat diet, this study aims to investigate the effects of different potential probiotic strains on the dynamic changes of fecal microbiome and metabolites. In this study, male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed with high-fat diet and injected with d-galactose for 12 weeks to induce aging. The effect of Lactobacillus plantarum DR7, L. fermentum DR9, and L. reuteri 8513d administration on the fecal microbiota profile, short-chain fatty acids, and water-soluble compounds were analyzed. It was found that the administration of the selected strains altered the gut microbiota diversity and composition, even at the phylum level. The fecal short-chain fatty acid content was also higher in groups that were administered with the potential probiotic strains. Analysis of the fecal water-soluble metabolites revealed that administration of L. plantarum DR7 and L. reuteri 8513d led to higher fecal content of compounds related to amino acid metabolism such as tryptophan, leucine, tyrosine, cysteine, methionine, valine, and lysine; while administration of L. fermentum DR9 led to higher prevalence of compounds related to carbohydrate metabolism such as erythritol, xylitol, and arabitol. In conclusion, it was observed that different strains of lactobacilli can cause difference alteration in the gut microbiota and the metabolites, suggesting the urgency to explore the specific metabolic impact of specific strains on the host.

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Funding

This work was supported by the URICAS grant (1001/PTEKIND/870030) provided by Universiti Sains Malaysia, MyBrain15-MyPhD from Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), and funding by Clinical Nutrition Intl (M) Sdn. Bhd.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia

    Lee-Ching Lew, Yan-Yan Hor, Mohamad-Hafis Jaafar, Amy-Sie-Yik Lau & Min-Tze Liong

  2. USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia

    Lee-Ching Lew, Yan-Yan Hor, Mohamad-Hafis Jaafar, Amy-Sie-Yik Lau, Hiroshi Ohno & Min-Tze Liong

  3. Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia

    Boon-Yin Khoo & Sreenivasan Sasidharan

  4. School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Sy-Bing Choi

  5. Clinical Nutrition Intl (M) Sdn. Bhd, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Kee-Leong Ong

  6. Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

    Tamotsu Kato, Yumiko Nakanishi & Hiroshi Ohno

  7. Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

    Hiroshi Ohno

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  1. Lee-Ching Lew
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Contributions

LCL and MTL conceived and designed the experiments. LCL, YYH, MHJ, and ASYL performed the study. LCL analyzed the data. KBY, SBC, SS, TK, and HO provided psychological and experimental advice and services. LCL and MTL drafted the work, critically revised for intellectual content. LCL wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hiroshi Ohno or Min-Tze Liong.

Ethics declarations

All animal experiments were approved by the USM Animal Care and Use Committee (USM/Animal Ethics Approval/2016/(724)) and were carried out under GLP condition and facility (Animal Research and Service Centre, USM Advanced Medical and Dental Institute) according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Public Health Service Policy.

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Lew, LC., Hor, YY., Jaafar, MH. et al. Effects of Potential Probiotic Strains on the Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites of d-Galactose-Induced Aging Rats Fed with High-Fat Diet. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 12, 545–562 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-019-09545-6

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