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Evaluating NISCH and CDH1 Promoter Hypermethylation in Nonsmokers, Cancer Free Smokers and Lung Cancer Patients: A Case Control Study

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Abstract

Lung cancer has very high mortality due to late stage diagnosis not amenable to curative resection. Cancer specific methylation patterns of tumor suppressor genes may precede precursor lesions of lung cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor gene NISCH and CDH1 in cfDNA from plasma of lung cancer patients and its possible correlation with smoking status and various clinicopathological parameters. Forty histopathologically confirmed lung cancer cases, thirty smoker and thirty nonsmoker controls were enrolled. Plasma cfDNA was extracted and subjected to bisulfite treatment followed by MS-PCR. Serum nischarin levels were estimated by ELISA. The frequency of promoter hypermethylation of NISCH and CDH1 was significantly higher in lung cancer patients as compared to lifelong non-smoker controls (p < 0.05). It did not vary with smoking status among cancer cases. No significant association was found with staging or histological grading. NISCH methylation was found to be significantly higher among smoker controls. Pack years and packs per day were significantly higher in the methylated group. Serum nischarin levels showed no significant association with NISCH methylation or clinicopathological variables. NISCH is highly methylated in both high risk smoker controls as well as cancerousnon-smokers and may mark the convergence of varied etiologies of lung cancer. Hence NISCH and CDH1 are highly methylated in plasma cfDNA of lung cancer patients.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge Dr. Sudhesna Mohapatra, Dr. Kajal Tanwer, Mr. Prashant Yadav and Ms. Mariyam Zuberi for their guidance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College, 2 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, India

    Kritika Krishnamurthy, T. K. Mishra, Alpana Saxena, Mirza Masroor & Elvia Jamatia

  2. Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, 2 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, India

    M. K. Daga

  3. Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College, 2 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, India

    Nita Khurana

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  1. Kritika Krishnamurthy
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  2. T. K. Mishra
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  3. Alpana Saxena
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  4. M. K. Daga
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  5. Nita Khurana
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  6. Mirza Masroor
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  7. Elvia Jamatia
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Contributions

Conception and design: KK, TKM and AS; Administrative support: MKD, NK; Provision of study materials or patients: MKD, NK; Collection and assembly of data: KK, MM, EJ; Data analysis and interpretation: KK, MM; Manuscript writing: All authors.; Final approval of manuscript: All authors.

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Correspondence to Kritika Krishnamurthy.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by institutional ethics committee.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Krishnamurthy, K., Mishra, T.K., Saxena, A. et al. Evaluating NISCH and CDH1 Promoter Hypermethylation in Nonsmokers, Cancer Free Smokers and Lung Cancer Patients: A Case Control Study. Ind J Clin Biochem 34, 458–464 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-018-0767-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-018-0767-5

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