Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Trk2 transporter is a relevant player in K+ supply and plasma-membrane potential control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  • Published:
Folia Microbiologica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, TRK1 and TRK2 genes encode partially redundant K+ transporters. Direct involvement in K+ uptake has been shown for Trk1p since cells growing under limiting environmental K+ concentrations demand its presence. The biological role of Trk2p is less understood. In our experiments, TRK2 overexpression improved the ability of trk1 cells to grow in low K+ and led to a higher accumulation of K+. Using diS-C3(3) as a potentiometric probe, we revealed a higher hyperpolarization of trk2 cells compared to the wild type. In addition, the deletion of TRK2 in the trk1 genetic background increased the cell sensitivity to hygromycin B, spermine, and TMA. Our studies reinforced the conclusion that Trk1p is the prominent K+ uptake transporter and for the first time revealed that though Trk2p is much less effective, its activity contributes significantly to K+ supply and the maintenance of plasma-membrane potential.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

∆ψ:

Plasma membrane potential

TMA:

Tetramethylammonium

diS-C3(3):

3,3′-dipropylthiacarbocyanine iodide

SD:

Synthetic minimal medium

LB:

Luria–Bertani (medium)

YPD:

Rich medium

References

  • Ariño J, Ramos J, Sychrová H (2010) Alkali metal cation transport and homeostasis in yeasts. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 74:95–120

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bertl A, Ramos J, Ludwig J, Lichtenberg-Fraté H, Reid J, Bihler H, Calero F, Martínez P, Ljungdahl PO (2003) Characterization of potassium transport in wild-type and isogenic yeast strains carrying all combinations of trk1, trk2 and tok1 null mutations. Mol Microbiol 47:767–780

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaber RF, Styles CA, Fink GR (1988) TRK1 encodes a plasma membrane protein required for high-affinity potassium transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 8:2848–2859

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guldener U, Heck S, Fielder T, Beinhauer J, Hegemann JH (1996) A new efficient gene disruption cassette for repeated use in budding yeast. Nucl Acids Res 24:2519–2524

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill JE, Myers AM, Koerner TJ, Tzagoloff A (1986) Yeast/E. coli shuttle vectors with multiple unique restriction sites. Yeast 2:163–167

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huh WK, Falvo JV, Gerke LC, Carroll AS, Howson RW, Weisman JS, O’Shea EK (2003) Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast. Nature 425:686–691

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ko CH, Gaber RF (1991) TRK1 and TRK2 encode structurally related K+ transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 11:4266–4273

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Madrid R, Goméz MJ, Ramos J, Rodríguez-Navarro A (1998) Ectopic potassium uptake in trk1 trk2 mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae correlates with a highly hyperpolarized membrane potential. J Biol Chem 273:14838–14844

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marešová L, Muend S, Zhang YQ, Sychrová H, Rao R (2009) Membrane hyperpolarization drives cation influx and fungicidal activity of amiodarone. J Biol Chem 284:2795–2802

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Merchan S, Bernal D, Serrano R, Yenush L (2004) Response of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mpk1 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway to increases in internal turgor pressure caused by loss of Ppz protein phosphatases. Eukaryot Cell 3:100–107

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michel B, Lozano C, Rodríguez M, Coria R, Ramírez J, Peña A (2006) The yeast potassium transporter TRK2 is able to substitute for TRK1 in its biological function under low K and low pH conditions. Yeast 23:581–589

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mulet JM, Leube MP, Kron SJ, Rios G, Fink GR, Serrano R (1999) A novel mechanism of ion homeostasis and salt tolerance in yeast: the Hal4 and Hal5 protein kinases modulate the Trk1-Trk2 potassium transporter. Mol Cell Biol 19:3328–3337

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mumberg D, Muller R, Funk M (1995) Yeast vectors for the controlled expression of heterologous protein in different genetic backgrounds. Gene 156:119–122

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peña A, Calahorra M, Michel B, Ramírez J, Sánchez NS (2009) Effects of amiodarone on K+, internal pH and Ca2+ homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 9:832–848

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Petrezsélyová S, Zahrádka J, Sychrová H (2010) Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 and W303-1A laboratory strains differ in salt tolerance. Fungal Biol 114:144–150

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ramos J, Alijo R, Haro R, Rodríguez-Navarro A (1994) Trk2 is not a low-affinity potassium transporter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol 176:249–252

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-Navarro A (2000) Potassium transport in fungi and plants. Biochim Biophys Acta 1469:1–30

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-Navarro A, Ramos J (1984) Dual system for potassium transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol 159:940–945

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Serrano R, Kielland-Brandt MC, Fink GR (1986) Yeast plasma membrane ATPase is essential for growth and has homology with (Na+ + K+), K+- and Ca2+-ATPases. Nature 319:689–693

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yenush L, Mulet JM, Ariño J, Serrano R (2002) The Ppz protein phosphatases are key regulators of K+ and pH homeostasis: implications for salt tolerance, cell wall integrity and cell cycle progression. EMBO J 21:920–929

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

We thank C. Navarrete and J.L. Martínez (University of Córdoba) for invaluable assistance with internal [K+] and cell volume measurements. This work is a part of the European Transnational Funding and Research Program SysMo–Translucent and was supported from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (GA CR 204/08/0354), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (MSMT LC531), and Institutional Concept (AV0Z50110509).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic

    S. Petrezsélyová & H. Sychrová

  2. Department of Microbiology, ETSIAM, Edificio Severo Ochoa, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain

    J. Ramos

Authors
  1. S. Petrezsélyová
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. Ramos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. H. Sychrová
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Petrezsélyová.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Petrezsélyová, S., Ramos, J. & Sychrová, H. Trk2 transporter is a relevant player in K+ supply and plasma-membrane potential control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Folia Microbiol 56, 23–28 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-011-0009-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-011-0009-1

Keywords