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Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Typha domingensis Named Southern Cattail Using a Batch Reactor

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Abstract

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were obtained from Typha domingensis (an invasive macrophyte) collected from lagoons and wetlands in Altamira, Mexico. Cellulose extraction was carried out by a treatment with aqueous NaOH in a batch reactor followed by NaClO-bleaching and subsequent hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. The fibers were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The crystallinity of the cellulose fibers isolated from Typha domingensis increased from 29 % (not treated fibers) to 73 % and the beginning of thermal degradation increased from 246 °C to 312 °C before and after the bleaching. The CNCs isolated from this plant show average values of 20 nm in diameter and 190 nm in length. Micrographs of the Typha domingensis fibers and the cellulose isolated therefrom as well as bleached cellulose indicate the removal of hemicellulose, lignin, and waxes from the fibers, which corroborates the XRD and FTIR results.

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Acknowledgements

Eder Pulido thanks to Universidad Politécnica de Altamira, and the State Government of Tamaulipas, Mexico, for the support and permit to study the PhD program, to Friedrich Schiller University Jena, for accepting me during my research stay, to Steffi Stump, colleague from Jena Center of Soft Matter (JSCM) for the support with the SEM analysis, to Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) for the scholarship and to TECNM for the financial support with the project number 6442.18-P.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center in Petrochemical, TecNM/Technological Institute of Madero City, Altamira, 89600, Mexico

    Eder Uzziel Pulido Barragán & Ana Beatriz Morales Cepeda

  2. Department of Mechanical Systems, CONA CyT-National Institute of Electricity and Clean Energies, Cuernavaca, 62490, Mexico

    Carlos Fernando Castro Guerrero

  3. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, TecNM/Technological Institute of Madero City, Madero City, 89460, Mexico

    Ana María Zamudio

  4. Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany

    Thomas Heinze & Andreas Koschella

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  1. Eder Uzziel Pulido Barragán
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  2. Carlos Fernando Castro Guerrero
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  3. Ana María Zamudio
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  4. Ana Beatriz Morales Cepeda
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Correspondence to Ana Beatriz Morales Cepeda.

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Barragán, E.U.P., Guerrero, C.F.C., Zamudio, A.M. et al. Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Typha domingensis Named Southern Cattail Using a Batch Reactor. Fibers Polym 20, 1136–1144 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-019-8973-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-019-8973-1

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