Abstract
The identification of structural plane connectivity is an application problem in rock mass engineering. Theoretically, information of exposed rock mass and its internal borehole is of great significance to predict network of unexcavated rock structural plane, especially in tunnel engineering. In this paper, parameters of structural planes have been obtained through borehole imaging in advance drilling borehole of tunnel face. Furthermore, a geometric discrimination method for the multiple structural plane based on the included angle has been proposed. And then, spatial distribution of the large scale structural plane in the unexcavated rock mass has been recognized by effective assistant techniques. To verify this method, the binocular photogrammetry method has been adopted to investigate the parameters of structural planes during excavation, and then the structural plane model of tunnel face has been constructed. The tunnel face mapping has been compared with that of section of the predicted model. The results showed that included angle identification method based on three boreholes is highly reliable and can be used to accurately construct the deterministic structural plane network in front of the tunnel face.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Attewell, P. B. and Farmer, I. W. (1976). Principles of engineering geology, Chapman-Hall, London, UK.
Barton, N. (1978). “Suggested methods for the quantitative description of discontinuities in rock masses.” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 319–368, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(79)91476-1.
Beyer, R. and Jacobs, A. M. (1986). “Borehole TV.” Engineering and Mining Journal, Vol. 187, No. 5, pp. 36–38.
Chen, Q. F., Chen, D. Y., and Wei, C. S. (2013). “Connectivity principle and distinguishing method of structural planes.” Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 35, No. Z2, pp. 230–235.
Guo, Q., Ge, X. R., and Che, A. L. (2011). “Analysis on discontinuities connection basing on borehole photography method.” Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Vol. 45, No. 5, pp. 733–737, DOI: https://doi.org/10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2011.05.022.
Huang, R. Q., Chen, J. P., and Hu, X. W. (2004). Accurate descript of complex rock mass structure and engineering applications, Science Press, Beijing, China.
Kanaori, Y. (1983). “The observation of crack development around an underground rock chamber by borehole television system.” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Vol.16, No. 2, pp. 133–142, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01032795.
Kulatilake, P. H. S. W. and Wu, T. H. (1984a). “The density of discontinuity traces in sampling windows.” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 345–347, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(84)90367-X.
Kulatilake, P. H. S. W. and Wu, T. H. (1984b). “Estimation of mean trace length of discontinuities.” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 215–232, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01032335.
Li, S. J., Feng, X. T., Wang, C. Y., and Hudson, J. A. (2013). “ISRM suggested method for rock fractures observations using a borehole digital optical televiewer.” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 635–644, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-012-0344-9.
Li, S. C., Liu, H. L., Li, L. P., Shi, S. S., Zhang Q. Q., Sun, S. Q., and Hu, J. (2017a). “A quantitative method for rock structure at working faces of tunnels based on digital images and its application.” Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 1–12, DOI: https://doi.org/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1751.
Li, S. C., Liu, B., Xu, X. J., Nie, L. C., Liu, Z. Y., Song, J., and Fan, K. R. (2017b). “An overview of ahead geological prospecting in tunneling.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 63, pp. 69–94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2016.12.011.
Ni, P. P., Wang, S. H., Wang, C. G., and Zhang, S. M. (2017). “Estimation of REV size for fractured rock mass based on damage coefficient.” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 555–570, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-016-1122-x.
Priest, S. D. and Hudson, J. A. (1976). “Discontinuity spacings in rock.” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 135–148, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(76)90818-4.
Sun, G. Z. (1988). Rockmass structural mechanics, Science Press, Beijing, China.
Sun, S. Q., Li, S. C., Li, L. P., Shi, S. S., Liu, H. L., Hu, J., and Zhou, S. (2018). “Structural planes surveying and fractal dimension characteristics of tunnel face based on digital photogrammetry.” Arabian Journal of Geosciences, Vol. 11, No. 20, pp. 622–635, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3985-5.
Wang, X. G., Jia, Z. X., Chen, Z. Y., and Xu, Y. (2016a). “Determination of discontinuity persistent ratio by Monte-Carlo simulation and dynamic programming.” Engineering Geology, Vol. 203, pp. 83–98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.12.001.
Wang, S. H., Ni, P. P., and Guo, M. D. (2013). “Spatial characterization of joint planes and stability analysis of tunnel blocks.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 38, pp. 357–367, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2013.07.017.
Wang, C. Y., Zhong, S., and Sun, W. C. (2009). “Study of connectivity of discontinuities of borehole based on digital borehole images.” Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 28, No. 12, pp. 2405–2410, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2009.12.004.
Wang, C. Y., Zou, X. J., Han, Z. Q., Wang, Y. T., and Wang, J. C. (2016b). “An automatic recognition and parameter extraction method for structural planes in borehole image.” Journal of Applied Geophysics, Vol. 135, pp. 135–143, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2016.10.005.
Williams, J. H. and Johnson, C. D. (2004). “Acoustic and optical borehole-wall imaging for fractured-rock aquifer studies.” Journal of Applied Geophysics, Vol. 55, Nos. 1–2, pp. 151–159, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2003.06.009.
Yang, T. H., Wang, P. T., Xu, T., Yu, Q. L., Zhang, P. H., Shi, W. H., and Hu, G. J. (2015). “Anisotropic characteristics of jointed rock mass: A case study at Shirengou iron ore mine in China.” Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 48, pp. 129–139, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.03.005.
Zhang, X. B., Jiang, Q. H., Chen, N., Wei, W., and Feng, X. X. (2016). “Laboratory investigation on shear behavior of rock joints and a new peak shear strength criterion.” Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Vol. 49, No. 9, pp. 3495–3512, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-016-1012-2.
Zohreh, M., Junin, R., and Jeffreys, P. (2014). “Evaluate the borehole condition to reduce drilling risk and avoid potential well bore damages by using image logs.” Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Vol. 122, pp. 318–330, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2014.07.027.
Acknowledgements
The research described in this paper was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51679131), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51609129), the Shandong Province Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. JQ201611) and the Shandong province Key Research Project Foundation (2017GSF220014). Great appreciation goes to the editorial board and the reviewers of this paper.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sun, Sq., Li, Lp., Wang, J. et al. Analysis and Prediction of Structural Plane Connectivity in Tunnel based on Digitalizing Image. KSCE J Civ Eng 23, 2679–2689 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-1000-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-1000-7