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Laboratory technique for quantitative thermal emissivity measurements of geological samples

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Abstract

Thermal infrared spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the compositional analysis of geological materials. The spectral feature in the mid-IR region is diagnostic of the mineralogy and spectral signatures of mixtures of minerals that add linearly, and therefore, can be used as an important tool to determine the mineralogy of rocks in the laboratory and remotely for planetary exploration. The greatest challenge in the emission measurement lies in the measurement of the weak thermal photons emitted from geological materials in a laboratory setup, and accurately records the temperature of the rock sample. The present work pertains to the details of a new Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) laboratory that has been developed under the ISRO Planetary Science and Exploration (PLANEX) programme, for emission related mineralogical investigations of planetary surfaces. The focus of the paper is on the acquisition and calibration technique for obtaining emissivity, and the deconvolution procedure to obtain the modal abundances of the thermal emission spectra in the range of 6–25 µm using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The basic technique is adopted from the work of Ruff et al (1997). This laboratory at the Department of Earth Sciences, IIT-Bombay is currently developing pure end mineral library of mineral particulates (<65 µm), and adding new end members to the existing ASU spectral library. The paper argues the need for considering Lunar Orbiter Thermal Emission Spectrometer (LOTES) for future Indian Moon mission programme (Chandrayan-II) to determine evidences of varied lithologies on the lunar surface.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India

    George Mathew, Archana Nair & Kanchan Pande

  2. Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India

    T. K. Gundu Rao

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  1. George Mathew
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  2. Archana Nair
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Correspondence to George Mathew.

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Mathew, G., Nair, A., Gundu Rao, T.K. et al. Laboratory technique for quantitative thermal emissivity measurements of geological samples. J Earth Syst Sci 118, 391–404 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-009-0035-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-009-0035-4

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