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Determination of gallic acid using poly(glutamic acid): graphene modified electrode

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Abstract

Abstract

Gallic acid (GA) is one of the main phenolic components occurring naturally in plants and has been a subject of increasing interest owing to its antioxidant, anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic properties. The present work describes a rapid and cost-effective analytical procedure for the determination of gallic acid. Poly-Glu/rGO electrode was fabricated by the electro-polymerisation of glutamic acid on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified paraffin impregnated graphite electrode (PIGE). The modified electrode was characterized by SEM, AFM and ATR-IR. The electrochemical behavior of gallic acid at the modified sensor was studied by voltammetric and amperometric techniques under optimized conditions in pH 5 acetate buffer. The electrode showed good linear response towards the determination of gallic acid over the range of 0.03–480 \(\upmu {\hbox {M}}\) with 0.01 \(\upmu \hbox {M}\) as the detection limit for voltammetric technique and the amperometric technique showed a linear range of 1–17 \(\upmu \hbox {M}\) with 0.33 \(\upmu \hbox {M}\) as the detection limit. The electrode also showed good stability and reproducibility with a sensitivity of 0.97 \(\upmu \hbox {M}\)/\(\upmu \)A. The proposed method can be applied to detect GA in real samples with satisfactory results.

Graphical abstract

SYNOPSIS This work describes a rapid and cost-effective analytical procedure for the determination of gallic acid. Poly-Glu/rGO electrode was fabricated by electro-polymerisation of glutamic acid on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified paraffin impregnated graphite electrode (PIGE). The electrode showed linear response towards gallic acid over the range of 0.03–480 \(\upmu \hbox {M}\) with 0.01 \(\upmu \hbox {M}\) as the detection limit for voltammetric technique and a linear range of 1–17 \(\upmu \hbox {M}\) with 0.33 \(\upmu \hbox {M}\) as the detection limit for amperometric technique. The proposed electrochemical sensor can be applied to detect GA in real samples with satisfactory results.

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Abbreviations

rGO:

Graphene

Poly-Glu:

Poly glutamic acid

GA:

Gallic acid

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by DST-SERB, New Delhi, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, Tamilnadu, India

    J Jency Feminus, R Manikandan, S Sriman Narayanan & P N Deepa

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  1. J Jency Feminus
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Correspondence to P N Deepa.

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Feminus, J.J., Manikandan, R., Narayanan, S.S. et al. Determination of gallic acid using poly(glutamic acid): graphene modified electrode. J Chem Sci 131, 11 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-018-1587-0

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