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Frequent BRAF V600E and Absence of TERT Promoter Mutations Characterize Sporadic Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas in Japan

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Abstract

Pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has unique features but requires further genetic investigation. Moreover, there has been increasing concern about the risk for pediatric PTC in Japan after the Fukushima accident. This study aims to evaluate the frequencies of BRAF and TERT promoter mutations and to examine their significance in non-radiation-associated pediatric PTCs in Japan. We enrolled 81 pediatric PTC patients aged ≤20 years. The control group included 91 adult PTCs from patients >20 years old. BRAF and TERT mutations were analyzed by allele-specific-PCR and/or Sanger sequencing. Compared with adult PTCs, pediatric PTCs exhibited larger tumor size, more frequent lymph node metastasis, and less classical histology. The prevalence of BRAF V600E in pediatric PTCs was 54% and significantly lower than that in adults of 85%. In the pediatric PTCs, BRAF V600E was positively associated with older age, classical histology, and the lymph node metastasis but independent from other clinicopathological factors. TERT mutations were identified in 13% of adults and in none of the pediatric PTCs. In conclusion, pediatric PTCs are characterized by more advanced clinicopathological features, lower BRAF V600E frequency, and absence of TERT mutation. The BRAF V600E frequency in this study is similar to the reported BRAF V600E frequency in the ultrasonographically screened pediatric PTCs in Fukushima.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ms. Wakaba Iha, Ms. Miyuki Ito, Ms. Mikiko Yoda, and Mr. Yoshihito Koshimizu for technical support and Ms. Kayoko Kono for executive assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan

    Naoki Oishi, Tetsuo Kondo, Tadao Nakazawa, Kunio Mochizuki, Tomohiro Inoue, Kazunari Kasai, Ippei Tahara & Ryohei Katoh

  2. Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0011, Japan

    Tomonori Yabuta & Akira Miyauchi

  3. Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0011, Japan

    Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa

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  1. Naoki Oishi
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Correspondence to Ryohei Katoh.

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Funding

This study was funded by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (Grant Number 25293087 and 90,623,661).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee. For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

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Oishi, N., Kondo, T., Nakazawa, T. et al. Frequent BRAF V600E and Absence of TERT Promoter Mutations Characterize Sporadic Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas in Japan. Endocr Pathol 28, 103–111 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12022-017-9470-y

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