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Cryopreservation Effects on Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cells Proteome

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Abstract

Cryopreservation is the only method for long-term storage of viable cells and tissues used for cellular therapy, stem cell transplantation and/or tissue engineering. However, the freeze-thaw process strongly contributes to cell and tissue damage through several mechanisms, including oxidative stress, cell injury from intracellular ice formation and altered physical cellular properties. Our previous proteomics investigation was carried out on Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cells (WJSCs) having similar properties to adult mesenchymal stem cells and thus representing a rich source of primitive cells to be potentially used in regenerative medicine. The aim of the present work was to investigate molecular changes that occur in WJSCs proteome in different experimental conditions: fresh primary cell culture and frozen cell. To analyze changes in protein expression of WJSCs undergoing different culturing procedures, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis (2DE followed by MALDI-TOF MS/MS nanoESI-Q-TOF MS coupled with nanoLC) between WJSCs from fresh and frozen cell culturing, respectively. Frozen WJSCs showed qualitative and quantitative changes compared to cells from fresh preparation, expressing proteins involved in replication, cellular defence mechanism and metabolism, that could ensure freeze-thaw survival. The results of this study could play a key role in elucidating possible mechanisms related to maintaining active proliferation and maximal cellular plasticity and thus making the use of WJSCs in cell therapy safe following bio-banking.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by “Carichieti” foundation, Chieti, Italy and by Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR): FIRB 2010 “accordi di programma”.

Authors would like to tank Mr Mario Scurti (G. d’Annunzio University Foundation Chieti, Italy) for his helpful technical assistance in graphical and informatic support.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., “Università G. d’Annunzio” Foundation, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013, Chieti, Italy

    F. Di Giuseppe, L. Pierdomenico, E. Eleuterio, M. Sulpizio, P. Lanuti, A. Riviello, C. Di Ilio, S. Miscia, M. Marchisio & S. Angelucci

  2. Department of Experimental and Clinical Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66013, Chieti, Italy

    F. Di Giuseppe, E. Eleuterio, M. Sulpizio, A. Riviello, C. Di Ilio & S. Angelucci

  3. Department of Medicine and Aging Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66013, Chieti, Italy

    L. Pierdomenico, P. Lanuti, G. Bologna, S. Miscia & M. Marchisio

  4. StemTeCh Group, Via Polacchi 13, 66013, Chieti, Italy

    F. Di Giuseppe, L. Pierdomenico, E. Eleuterio, M. Sulpizio, P. Lanuti, C. Di Ilio, S. Miscia, M. Marchisio & S. Angelucci

  5. Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Risorgimento 36, 56126, Pisa, Italy

    M. Gesi

  6. Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Science, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66013, Chieti, Italy

    S. Angelucci

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  1. F. Di Giuseppe
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Correspondence to S. Angelucci.

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M. Marchisio and S. Angelucci as senior authors.

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S1. Supplemental Table 1

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S2. Supplemental Figure 1

CD marker expression of unfrozen and frozen WJSCs. Flow cytometric analysis of WJSCs surface antigen expression profile: CD13, CD14, CD29, CD34, CD44, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD117 CD133, CD144, CD146, CD166, ESA, HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, Sox-2, OCT3/4 and SSEA4. Red histograms represent cells stained with the expression markers; blue histograms show the respective IgG isotype control (background CTRL). These data are representative of three separate biological samples. (JPEG 1707 kb)

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Di Giuseppe, F., Pierdomenico, L., Eleuterio, E. et al. Cryopreservation Effects on Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cells Proteome. Stem Cell Rev and Rep 10, 429–446 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-014-9501-8

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