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The Protective Effect of Lasia spinosa (Linn.) Dissipates Chemical-Induced Cardiotoxicity in an Animal Model

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Abstract

Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites is a medicinal plant of enormous traditional use with insufficient scientific evidence. This research screened the antioxidative effect of L. spinosa extracts by measuring the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ABTS scavenging activity, Iron-chelating activity, and Ferric reducing power followed by an evaluation of in vivo cardioprotective effect in doxorubicin-induced Wistar Albino rats. Phytochemical characterization was made by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopic analysis. L. spinosa showed an excellent antioxidative effect while methanol leaf extract (LSM) was found to be more potent than ethyl acetate leaf extract (LSE) in scavenging the free radicals. Intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin caused a significant (P < 0.001) increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK-MB), C-reactive protein (CRP), and Cardiac troponin I. Pretreatment with orally administrated (LSM100 and LSM200 mg/kg b.w.) daily for 10 days showed a decrease in the cardiac markers, lipid profiles, especially triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and an increase of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) compared to the disease control group. LSM200 was found to significantly (P < 0.05) decrease the levels of CK-MB and LDH. It also restored TC, TG, and LDL levels compared to the doxorubicin-induced cardiac control group. The protective role of LSM was further confirmed by histopathological examination. This study thus demonstrates that L. spinosa methanol extract could be approached as an alternative supplement for cardiotoxicity, especially in the chemical-induced toxicity of cardiac tissues.

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Data Availability

Data will be available upon request.

Abbreviations

DPPH:

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

ABTS:

2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

CK-MB:

Creatine kinase

CRP:

C-reactive protein

LSM:

L. spinosa Methanol extract

ESL:

L. spinosa Ethyl acetate leaf extract

TG:

Triglyceride

TC:

Total cholesterol

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

HDL:

High-density lipoprotein

DOX:

Doxorubicin

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

ETC:

Electron transport chain

NADH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

eNOS:

Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase

NO:

Nitric oxide

GC–MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

EI:

Electron impact ionization

TPC:

Total phenolic content

FCR:

Folin–Ciocalteu Reagents

GAE:

Gallic acid equivalent

TFC:

Total flavonoid content

QE:

Quercetin equivalent

IC50 :

The half-maximal inhibitory concentration

OECD:

Organization for Environmental Control Development

LD50 :

Lethal Dose 50

IP:

Intraperitoneal

LSM100:

L. spinosa Methanol extract (100 mg/kg /day bw)

LSM200:

L. spinosa Methanol extract (200 mg/kg/day bw)

LSM50:

L. spinosa Methanol extract 50 mg/kg/day bw

LSE100:

L. spinosa Ethyl acetate extract 100 mg/kg/day bw

LSE50:

L. spinosa Ethyl acetate extract 50 mg/kg/day bw

NBF:

10% Neutral-buffered formalin

H & E:

Eosin and hematoxylin

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the Laboratory of Alternative Medicine and Natural Product Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, to support the research’s progress. The authors are also thankful to Dr. Sheikh Bokhtear Uddin, Professor, Department of Botany, for his help to identify the sample, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh,

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331, Bangladesh

    Rasheda Akter, Md. Atiar Rahman, Md. Khalid Juhani Rafi, Tanvir Ahmed Siddique, Farhana Yesmin Bithy, Sumaiya Akter, Fatema Yasmin Nisa, Md. Asif Nadim Khan & Farjana Sultana

  2. School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand

    Md. Atiar Rahman

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Contributions

The research idea was proposed and designed by MAR. The investigation, formal analysis, and data curation were carried out by RA, MKJR, TAS, FYB, and SA. The initial manuscript was authored by MAR, RA, and MKJR, who also contributed to the data analysis. Visualization, validation, and writing—review and editing were done by FYN, MANK, and FS. All authors have gone through the manuscript and agreed to submit it to Cardiovascular Toxicology.

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Correspondence to Md. Atiar Rahman.

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Akter, R., Rahman, M.A., Rafi, M.K.J. et al. The Protective Effect of Lasia spinosa (Linn.) Dissipates Chemical-Induced Cardiotoxicity in an Animal Model. Cardiovasc Toxicol 23, 32–45 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-022-09775-1

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