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Production and Evaluation of Encapsulated Zinc Oxide on Performance, Ileal Digestibility and Zinc Transporter Gene Expression in Broiler Chicken

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Abstract

The present study was undertaken for the production of encapsulated zinc and its evaluation in broiler chicken diet. The process of microencapsulation involved the use of polymers, gum arabic and maltodextrin with a maximum encapsulation of efficiency of 66%. Encapsulated material contained about 20% zinc oxide (ZnO) as core material following the freeze-drying process. One hundred and ninety-two-day-old broiler chicks were distributed in four groups in six replications having eight birds in each. The four groups comprised control (inorganic source of zinc), En-Zn-100 (encapsulated zinc at 100% of control), En-Zn-50 (encapsulated zinc at 50% of control), and Org-Zn-50 (Zn-methionine at 50% of control). The experiment was carried out for 35 days following standard management practices. The live weight gain, feed intake and FCR were comparable among groups. Plasma and muscle zinc (ppm) content was unaffected by the level or source of zinc supplementation. The zinc apparent ileal digestibility coefficient was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in En-Zn-50 fed groups, while crude protein digestibility was not affected by the level or form of Zn supplementation. Bone weight, length, and zinc content were comparable, and bone ash content was significantly different among the groups. Relative expression of ZnT2 was significantly upregulated in encapsulated zinc-fed groups. From the study, it could be concluded that supplementation of zinc either as encapsulated or organic form at 50% of inorganic source (ZnO) could be sufficient to maintain the growth performance, serum, tissue and bone mineral content in broiler chicken.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr Raghavendra Bhatta, Director, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, and Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, for providing the necessary facilities to carry out the study. The authors further acknowledge Mrs K. Bharathi, technical staff, for rendering technical assistance during laboratory analysis.

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All the raw and analyzed data were available with the corresponding author, which will be shared on request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India

    Somu Bala Nageswara Rao, Arumbackam Vijayarangam Elangovan, Bagath Madiajagan, Duraisamy Rajendran, Marappan Gopi, Dintaran Pal, Sivashanmugam Parthipan, M. Nalina, Debpriyo Kumar Dey & Vaibhav Bhagwan Awachat

  2. Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India

    Magdaline Eljeeva Emerald Franklin

  3. ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, India

    G. B. Manjunatha Reddy

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  1. Somu Bala Nageswara Rao
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Contributions

Rao and Elangovan: planning, and execution of poultry experiment. Rajendran and Magdalene: production of encapsulated materials. Bagath: gene expression studies. Gopi: manuscript preparation, Pal and Dey: mineral analysis, Parthipan, Nalina, and Awachat: feeding observations: Reddy: histology.

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Correspondence to Somu Bala Nageswara Rao.

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The animal care and use protocol (No. NIANP/IAEC/1/2019) was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India.

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Rao, S.B.N., Elangovan, A.V., Madiajagan, B. et al. Production and Evaluation of Encapsulated Zinc Oxide on Performance, Ileal Digestibility and Zinc Transporter Gene Expression in Broiler Chicken. Biol Trace Elem Res 201, 5774–5785 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-023-03614-2

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