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Rutin–Nickel Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, DNA Binding, and DNA Cleavage Activities

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Abstract

The rutin–nickel (II) complex (RN) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, UV–visible spectroscopy, IR, mass spectrometry, 1H NMR, TG-DSC, SEM, and molar conductivity. The low molar conductivity value investigates the non-electrolyte nature of the complex. The elemental analysis and other physical and spectroscopic methods reveal the 1:2 stoichiometric ratio (metal/ligand) of the complex. An antioxidant study of rutin and its metal complex against DPPH radical showed that the complex has more radical scavenging activity than free rutin. The interaction of complex RN with DNA was determined using fluorescence spectra and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that RN can intercalate moderately with DNA, quench a strong intercalator ethidium bromide (EB), and compete for the intercalative binding sites. The complex showed significant cleavage of pBR 322 DNA from supercoiled form (SC) to nicked circular form (NC), and these cleavage effects were dose-dependent. Moreover, the mechanism of DNA cleavage indicated that it was a hydrolytic cleavage pathway. These results revealed the potential nuclease activity of the complex to cleave DNA.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81373480, 81573529, 21372056), Jiangsu University Innovation Fund (15A433), Chinese Government Scholarship (CSC No. 2014DFH792), Sci. & Tech. Project from Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Jiangsu Province (YB2015186), and Zhenjiang Social Development Project (SH2014062).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China

    Aun Raza, Xiuquan Xu, Jian Tang & Zhen Ouyang

  2. Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan

    Shumaila Bano

  3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China

    Rong Xian Zhang & Changkun Xia

  4. School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China

    Haider Khalid

  5. Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan

    Furqan Muhammad Iqbal

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  1. Aun Raza
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Correspondence to Jian Tang.

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Raza, A., Bano, S., Xu, X. et al. Rutin–Nickel Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, DNA Binding, and DNA Cleavage Activities. Biol Trace Elem Res 178, 160–169 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0909-7

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