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Th9 Cytokines Inhibit Proliferation, Promote Apoptosis, and Immune Escape in Thyroid Carcinoma Cells

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Abstract

To investigate the regulatory effects of T helper 9 (Th9) cytokines on the proliferation, apoptosis and immune escape of thyroid cancer cells. The survival rate of human thyroid cancer cell line TPC-1 after treatment with 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 ng/ml IL-9 (or IL-21) was determined by CCK-8 method and suitable concentrations of IL-9 and IL-21 were screened out. The TPC-1 cells cultured in vitro were randomly grouped into control group, IL-9 group, IL-21 group and IL-9+IL-21 group. After treatment with IL-9 and IL-21 factors, the proliferation and apoptosis of TPC-1 cells in each group were detected by CCK-8 method and flow cytometry, respectively. The flow cytometry was applied to detect the proportion of Th9 and activated CD8+ T cells in human peripheral blood lymphocytes co-cultured with TPC-1 in each group. The expression of TPC-1 and IL-9R and IL-21R protein in each group and human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Compared with the control group, the cell viability PCNA and Bcl-2 protein expression in TPC-1 cells were lower in the IL-9 group, IL-21 group and IL-9+IL-21 group (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate, proportions of Th9 and activated CD8+ T cells, killing rate of human peripheral blood lymphocytes, the expression of Bax and caspase-3 proteins in TPC-1 cells, the expression of TPC-1 and human peripheral blood lymphocytes IL-9R and IL-21R proteins were all higher (P<0.05) in IL-9+IL-21 group compared with the IL-9 group and the IL-21 group. The cell viability, PCNA and Bcl-2 protein expression in TPC-1 cells in the IL-9+IL-21 group were all lower (P<0.05). Th9 cytokines can promote the differentiation of Th9 cells and CD8+ T cells, enhance their lethality, reduce the immune escape of thyroid cancer cells, and then inhibit their proliferation and promote their apoptosis.

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Data Availability

Data will be available by corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

TPC:

Two-pore channels proteins

FITC:

Fluorescein isothiocyanate

PI:

Positive Indication

RPMI:

Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium

PCNA:

proliferating cell nuclear antigen

IL:

Interleukin

CCK:

Cholecystokinin

RIPA:

Radioimmunoprecipitation assay

CD:

cluster of differentiation

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

PE:

Phycoerythrin

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

SPSS:

Statistical Package for Social Sciences

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Funding

Medical and Health Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(2021KY1036).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China

    Xinyu Ying

  2. Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China

    Xinyi Ma

  3. Department of Radiotherapy, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China

    Ziru Yang

  4. Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000, China

    Bo Zhou

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  1. Xinyu Ying
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Contributions

Xinyu Ying has contributed equally in research work and the assessment of the outcomes and the writing of the manuscript. Xinyi Ma has contributed equally in research work and the assessment of the outcomes and the writing of the manuscript. Ziru Yang has contributed equally in research work and the assessment of the outcomes and the writing of the manuscript and Bo Zhou has contributed equally in research work design and methodology of this study, the assessment of the outcomes and the writing of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Bo Zhou.

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Ying, X., Ma, X., Yang, Z. et al. Th9 Cytokines Inhibit Proliferation, Promote Apoptosis, and Immune Escape in Thyroid Carcinoma Cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-023-04821-2

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