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Multifarious Plant Probiotic Features of Bacillus sp. W11 Isolated from Vermicast and Its Promises for Biocontrol Activity Against Phytopathogens

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Abstract

Organic agricultural practice using vermisources is considered as one of the common sustainable strategies in agriculture. Apart from their nutrient content, beneficial microbes associated with natural vermicast serve as an efficient bioinoculant for improving agricultural productivity. Hence, studies on the identification of suitable microbial inoculants with multi-trait plant beneficial properties from these hotspots are highly promising as an ecofriendly substitute against harmful chemical fertilizers. The current study has been designed to isolate bacterial strains with various plant probiotic and biocontrol properties against various fungal phytopathogens. Among the various bacteria obtained in the study, the isolate W11 was found to have remarkable inhibitory activity against a broad range of phytopathogens like Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium myriotylum, and Rhizoctonia solani, in addition to its multiple plant growth–promoting properties. The W11 was further identified as Bacillus sp. by 16S rDNA sequence-based analysis. The W11 treatment was also found to enhance the plant growth parameters of Vigna unguiculata. In addition, the priming of Bacillus sp. W11 on potato tuber has confirmed to protect it from Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum. This highlights the possible protective effect of W11 during the post-harvest storage of potatoes. Also, the metabolite analysis of W11 extract by LC–QTOF-MS/MS analysis has revealed the presence of lipopeptide surfactin derivatives with m/z of 1008, 1022, and 1036 (M + H)+. All the results obtained in the study thus indicate the remarkable agricultural promises of Bacillus sp. W11 isolated from vermicast. Even though vermicast has been studied for its beneficial agricultural applications, the isolation of plant beneficial bacteria from it and detailed characterization of its beneficial effects make the study important.

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Acknowledgements

We are highly thankful to Kerala State Plan Fund for research grant of a Project entitled “Exploring the Indigenous Microbiome of Kerala for Natural and Organic Agricultural Practices—an Approach to Green Kerala.” The authors also acknowledge KSCSTE-KBC-YIPB (673/2017/KSCSTE dated 13.10.2017). The authors acknowledge our sincere thanks to DST-SAIF & IIUCNN for the instrumental support. The Authors also acknowledge DST-PURSE P II Programme for the support.

Funding

Kerala State Plan Fund for research grant of the Project entitled “Exploring Indigenous Microbiome of Kerala for Natural and Organic Agricultural Practices—an Approach to Green Kerala” and KSCSTE-KBC-YIPB (673/2017/KSCSTE dated 13.10.2017).

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  1. Bicky Jerin Joseph and Aswani Ravi equally contributed to the manuscript.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, India, 686 560

    Bicky Jerin Joseph, Aswani Ravi, Amala Geevarghese, Nayana Aluparambil Radhakrishnan, Jyothis Mathew & Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Kannur University, Palayad Campus, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India

    Jithesh O.

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Contributions

Conceptualization: Bicky Jerin Joseph, Amala Geevarghese, Nayana Aluparambil Radhakrishnan, and Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty. Methodology: Bicky Jerin Joseph, Amala, and Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty. Investigation: Aswani Ravi, Amala Geevarghese, Jithesh O, and Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty. Formal analysis and data curation: Bicky Jerin Joseph, Amala Geevarghese, Aswani Ravi, and Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty. Supervision: Jyothis Mathew, Jithesh O and Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty. Writing, review and editing: Bicky Jerin Joseph, Aswani Ravi, Amala Geevarghese, Jithesh O, Jyothis Mathew and Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty. Funding acquisition: Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty.

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Correspondence to Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty.

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Joseph, B.J., Ravi, A., Geevarghese, A. et al. Multifarious Plant Probiotic Features of Bacillus sp. W11 Isolated from Vermicast and Its Promises for Biocontrol Activity Against Phytopathogens. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 3615–3627 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04285-w

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